The Public Cost of Mental Health– and Addiction-Related Services for Youth (Ages 12-17) in Alberta

Jacobs, Philip; Lesage, Alain

doi:10.1177/0706743718795676

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 1 publication

(1 reference statement)

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“…6 Early interventions in youth are effective in preventing the progression to chronic mental health problems, however, it is estimated that the cost for mental health services was estimated to be $6460 per youth in 2019. 7 The perceived need for mental health service among youth is increasing, however, the accessibility, affordability and stigma associated with mental health services prevented youth from seeking professional help.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are online mental health interventions for youth effective? A systematic review

et al. 2021

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Objectives This systematic review aims to examine the effectiveness of online mental health interventions for youth. Methods We searched seven electronic databases (PubMed, PsycINFO, Medline, Embase, CINAHL, Web of Science and SCOPUS) for the past 10 years to identify randomized controlled trials which have evaluated the use of telehealth interventions for young people with mental health problems. The included studies were assessed for quality and risk of bias. Results Forty-five randomized controlled trials ( n = 13,291 participants) were eligible for this review. Most studies (35 trials) evaluated the use of web-based self-help platforms to deliver cognitive behavioural therapy (14 trials), mindfulness (four trials), acceptance commitment therapy (five trials) and positive psychology (two trials). Mobile/computer applications were used to deliver cognitive behavioural therapy (four trials) and coping strategies training (two trials). Web-based synchronous chat (one trial) was used to assist communication between counsellors and participants. Three studies used artificial intelligence-based conversational agents to deliver cognitive behavioural therapy (two trials) and problem-solving-strategy training (one trial). Eighty-two percent ( n = 37) identified the participants as student population (i.e. university students, high school students). Sixty-four percent ( n = 29) of the telehealth interventions were found to be effective in managing depression, anxiety, stress, insomnia and improving quality of life when compared with control conditions. Conclusions Online mental health interventions were found to be effective in managing diverse mental health conditions among youth. Online self-help platforms were the most frequently used modality and artificial intelligence-based chatbots are merging as potential solutions. Future research is warranted to investigate the solutions to improve the retention rate and satisfaction of telehealth interventions among this population.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are online mental health interventions for youth effective? A systematic review

et al. 2021

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“…As for Canada, the systematic review includes publications from two provinces: Alberta and Ontario. 4 In Alberta, secure treatment is embedded within the provincial child and youth mental health and addictions system and one of three types of community mental health and addiction services provided by Alberta Health Services [29]. It is governed under provincial legislation and provided in health centres rather than hospitals [29].…”

Section: Results: What Do Secure Treatment Programs For Children and ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is because the systematic review was commissioned by the Ontario Ministry of Health of the province of Ontario in Canada to learn the evidence about secure treatment in similar jurisdictions to inform the development of a framework for secure treatment programs in Ontario. Moreover, in Ontario and other Canadian jurisdictions, secure treatment is a community-based mental health service provided in health centres rather than hospitals [29].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mental health treatment programs for children and young people in secure settings: A systematic review

Schutte¹,

Danseco²,

Lucente³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Background: While there are mental health treatment programs for children and young people in secure settings (i.e., secure treatment programs) in many countries, there is a lack of transparency and consistency across these that causes confusion for stakeholders and challenges for the design and delivery of high-quality, evidence-based programs. This systematic review addresses two questions: What do mental health treatment programs for children and young people in secure community settings look like across jurisdictions? What is the evidence underlying the various components of these programs? Methods: Twelve databases were searched in November 2021: CINAHL, EMBASE, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, Academic Search Complete, Psychology and Behavioral Sciences collection, Google Scholar, OpenDOAR, and GreyLit.org. To be included, publications had to be empirical literature or a report on mental health treatment within a secure setting for people under the age of 25; contain pre-identified keywords; be based on a research or evaluation study conducted since 2000; and be assessed as low risk of bias using an adaptation of the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme qualitative research checklist. The systematic review included 63 publications. Data were collected and analyzed in NVivo qualitative software using a coding framework. Results: There are secure treatment programs in Australia, Belgium, Canada, New Zealand, the Netherlands, England and Wales, Scotland, and the United States of America. Although there are inconsistencies across programs in terms of the systems in which they are embedded, client profiles, treatments provided, and lengths of stays, most share commonalities in their governance, definitions, designs, and intended outcomes Conclusions: The commonalities across secure treatment programs appear to stem from them being designed around a need for treatment that includes a mental disorder, symptom severity and salience involving significant risk of harm to self and/or others, and a proportionality of the risks and benefits of treatment. Most share a common logic; however, the evidence shows that this logic tends not to lead to sustained outcomes. Policymakers, service providers, and researchers could use the offered recommendations to ensure the provision of high-quality secure treatment programming to children and young people with serious and complex mental health needs.

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“…Funding is essential both for reducing stigma - through strategies such as community education and awareness campaigns - and for the provision of effective treatment in a sustainable manner [ 9 ]. In many cases, a large proportion of this funding is used for activities related to information, education, and communication in the sphere of mental health, with the aim of raising awareness and facilitating early diagnosis or even prevention [ 10 ]. Governmental investment is a key source of funding for mental health services in most countries, particularly when addressing the needs of under-served or underprivileged regions or sections of society [ 11 , 12 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Correlates of Government Expenditure on Mental Health Services: An Analysis of Data From 78 Countries and Regions

Rajkumar

2022

Cureus

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BackgroundGovernmental investment in mental health is of vital importance for the implementation and maintenance of educational, preventive, and therapeutic services related to mental illness, particularly in low-and middle-income countries (LMICs). However, mental health expenditures represent only a small portion of total health spending in many countries. Little is known about the economic, social, or health-related factors that may influence variations in governmental spending in this sector. MethodsData on government expenditure on mental health as a percentage of total healthcare expenditure, collected by the WHO from 78 countries and regions in the period 2013-2014, was available for study. These data were analyzed in relation to key economic, social, and health-related indicators. The selection of these indicators was based on prior national and regional research and expert opinion as reported in the existing literature. ResultsGovernment spending on mental health was below 1% of health expenditure in 24.4% of the countries studied. A number of economic, social, and health-related indicators were significantly associated with variations in spending on mental health. Based on the partial correlation, sub-group, and multivariate linear regression analyses, the variables most significantly associated with low government spending on mental health were the burden of communicable diseases (β = −.47, p = .001) and cultural collectivism (β = −.37, p = .008). ConclusionsThese results suggest that low government investment in mental health may be associated not only with economic or political factors but also with variations in disease burden and in cultural attitudes across countries. Though no direct assumption regarding causation can be made, such findings may be of value when advocating for greater public investment in mental health, particularly in non-Western cultures with a high competing burden of infectious diseases.

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The Public Cost of Mental Health– and Addiction-Related Services for Youth (Ages 12-17) in Alberta

Cited by 9 publications

References 1 publication

Are online mental health interventions for youth effective? A systematic review

Are online mental health interventions for youth effective? A systematic review

Mental health treatment programs for children and young people in secure settings: A systematic review

The Correlates of Government Expenditure on Mental Health Services: An Analysis of Data From 78 Countries and Regions

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