Incidence and aetiology of bacterial meningitis among children aged 1–59 months in South Asia: systematic review and meta-analysis

Ali, Mohsin; Chang, Brian; Johnson, Kipp W.; Morris, Shaun K.

doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2018.07.037

Cited by 23 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 58 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…[22][23][24][25] PCV13 implementation has dramatically reduced pneumococcal meningitis in all countries where this vaccine is currently used. [26][27][28][29][30] In our region, we have published work confirming that PCV13 universal vaccination reduces overall invasive pneumococcal disease, 31 and in addition, with this present study, also the disappearance of serotype 19A, globally considered to be a very important replacement serotype following PCV7 implementation, as well as associated with high morbidity. 32,33 In addition, in many countries, GBS in young infants is considered to be the leading cause of BM in this age group; [12][13][14][15] however, published data from Mexico City emphasize that GBS is uncommon, with Enterobacteriaceae as predominant agents causing BM in young infants.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Pediatric meningitis due to Neisseria meningitidis, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Group B Streptococcus in Tijuana, Mexico: active/prospective surveillance, 2005–2018

Chacón-Cruz¹,

Roberts

Rivas-Landeros

et al. 2019

Therapeutic Advances in Infection

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Introduction:In Mexico, Neisseria meningitidis is considered to be a rare cause of bacterial meningitis (BM), however, one national publication using active surveillance has suggested the opposite. Group B Streptococcus (GBS) is also considered to be infrequent in young infants as a cause of BM in central Mexico. Streptococcus pneumoniae vaccination using the 13-valent conjugate vaccine (PCV13) started in our region in May 2012. We focused our research on whether N. meningitidis and GBS are important causes of BM, and to examine the effectiveness of PCV13 on pneumococcal BM.Methods:From October 2005 to September 2018, active/prospective surveillance looking for all patients admitted with suspected BM <16 years of age was performed at the Tijuana, Mexico, General Hospital. Tijuana, Mexico to San Diego, Unites States of America (USA), is the most transited border in the world. Isolation of pathogens was by either conventional culture or Real Time-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), all patients were followed during and 3 months after discharge, and a descriptive analysis was performed. The effectiveness of PCV13 was determined by comparing the proportion of cases per month on pneumococcal BM before and after its implementation.Results:There were 86 confirmed BM cases. N. meningitidis was the leading cause (60.5%, and 61.5% caused by serogroup C), followed by S. pneumoniae (18.6%). PCV13 effectiveness on pneumococcal BM was of 64.3% and was associated with the disappearance of serotype 19A. A total of 22 infants <3 months old had BM; GBS was the leading cause at this age group (27.3%), followed by N. meningitidis (22.7%). The overall mortality was 24%.Conclusions:BM by N. meningitidis is endemic in Tijuana, Mexico, and meningococcal vaccination should be seriously considered in the region. PCV13 is currently showing high effectiveness on pneumococcal BM, and we need to continue active surveillance to see whether maternal screening/prophylaxis for GBS should also be introduced in the region.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…PCV13 implementation has dramatically reduced pneumococcal meningitis in all countries where this vaccine is currently used. 26–30…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pediatric meningitis due to Neisseria meningitidis, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Group B Streptococcus in Tijuana, Mexico: active/prospective surveillance, 2005–2018

Chacón-Cruz¹,

Roberts

Rivas-Landeros

et al. 2019

Therapeutic Advances in Infection

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Annual incidence was estimated to be 0.028/10 0,0 0 0 with a CFR of was 19%. Whilst all the evidence indicates that IMD is rare in Asia, 122 the reported incidence rates are likely to be significantly underestimated because of many reasons, including restricted case definitions for surveillance, inconsistent diagnostic testing practice, antibiotic overuse in the community and the passive nature of the surveillance, which are common problems across Asia. 120 , 123 Recent data from the Indian subcontinent are also unavailable, restricted mainly to local outbreaks and epidemics, which occur with regular frequency.…”

Section: Chinamentioning

confidence: 99%

The everchanging epidemiology of meningococcal disease worldwide and the potential for prevention through vaccination

Parikh

Campbell

Bettinger

et al. 2020

Journal of Infection

153

155

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Neisseria meningitidis is a major cause of bacterial meningitis and septicaemia worldwide and is associated with high case fatality rates and serious lifelong complications among survivors. Twelve serogroups are recognised, of which six (A, B, C, W, X and Y) are responsible for nearly all cases of invasive meningococcal disease (IMD). The incidence of IMD and responsible serogroups vary widely both geographically and over time. For the first time, effective vaccines against all these serogroups are available or nearing licensure. Over the past two decades, IMD incidence has been declining across most parts of the world through a combination of successful meningococcal immunisation programmes and secular trends. The introduction of meningococcal C conjugate vaccines in the early 20 0 0s was associated with rapid declines in meningococcal C disease, whilst implementation of a meningococcal A conjugate vaccine across the African meningitis belt led to near-elimination of meningococcal A disease. Consequently, other serogroups have become more important causes of IMD. In particular, the emergence of a hypervirulent meningococcal group W clone has led many countries to shift from monovalent meningococcal C to quadrivalent ACWY conjugate vaccines in their national immunisation programmes. Additionally, the recent licensure of two protein-based, broad-spectrum meningococcal B vaccines finally provides protection against the most common group responsible for childhood IMD across Europe and Australia. This review describes global IMD epidemiology across each continent and trends over time, the serogroups responsible for IMD, the impact of meningococcal immunisation programmes and future needs to eliminate this devastating disease.

show abstract

“…The cardiovascular system revealed normal heart sound, while the abdomen was non-tender with no visceromegaly. A provisional diagnosis of meningitis was made, considering the common prevalence of this infectious disease in the paediatric population of our country 10. Relevant investigations, including complete blood picture, serum electrolytes, urea, creatinine, serum calcium and random blood sugar were done but were unremarkable.…”

Section: Case Presentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factor XIII deficiency with intracranial haemorrhage

Ejaz¹,

Saleem

Ali

et al. 2019

BMJ Case Rep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A 5-year-old girl presented to paediatric emergency with fever and seizures for a short duration. At first, meningitis was suspected and management was started empirically. There was no improvement in the clinical condition of the patient and investigations revealed spontaneous intracranial haemorrhage (ICH) secondary to factor XIII deficiency. The child was transfused cryoprecipitate and managed conservatively for ICH. She became asymptomatic and was kept on monthly cryoprecipitate transfusions. This case report summarises factor XIII deficiency in ICH which was not suspected initially, but diagnosed later on after CT scan head and factor XIII assay. This report also highlights events occurring during its management.

show abstract

Incidence and aetiology of bacterial meningitis among children aged 1–59 months in South Asia: systematic review and meta-analysis

Cited by 23 publications

References 58 publications

Pediatric meningitis due to Neisseria meningitidis, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Group B Streptococcus in Tijuana, Mexico: active/prospective surveillance, 2005–2018

Pediatric meningitis due to Neisseria meningitidis, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Group B Streptococcus in Tijuana, Mexico: active/prospective surveillance, 2005–2018

The everchanging epidemiology of meningococcal disease worldwide and the potential for prevention through vaccination

Factor XIII deficiency with intracranial haemorrhage

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Incidence and aetiology of bacterial meningitis among children aged 1–59 months in South Asia: systematic review and meta-analysis

Cited by 23 publications

References 58 publications

Pediatric meningitis due to Neisseria meningitidis, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Group B Streptococcus in Tijuana, Mexico: active/prospective surveillance, 2005–2018

Pediatric meningitis due to Neisseria meningitidis, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Group B Streptococcus in Tijuana, Mexico: active/prospective surveillance, 2005–2018

The everchanging epidemiology of meningococcal disease worldwide and the potential for prevention through vaccination

Factor XIII deficiency with intracranial haemorrhage

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Incidence and aetiology of bacterial meningitis among children aged 1–59 months in South Asia: systematic review and meta-analysis