Visceral adiposity and insular networks: associations with food craving

Contreras‐Rodríguez, Oren; Cano, Marta; Vilar-López, Raquel; Verdejo‐Román, Juan; Navas, Juan F.; Martín-Pérez, Cristina; Fernández‐Aranda, Fernando; Menchón, José M.; Soriano‐Mas, Carles; Verdejo-García, Antonio

doi:10.1038/s41366-018-0173-3

Cited by 11 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 46 publications

(68 reference statements)

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“…The present study also shows that in both groups, visual food cues elicited higher brain activation in a cluster of brain areas including the insula. This is in line with several previous studies [7,20,43]. Moreover, this finding validates the fMRI paradigm since mainly the posterior part of the insula receives ascending gustatory and gastrointestinal sensations while the anterior part conveys this information to other brain regions.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Very recently, a further study [43] aimed to test the link between visceral fat and the functional connectivity of the middle-dorsal insula and the rostral insula showed that higher visceral adiposity was associated with decreased connectivity between the middledorsal insula and a cluster involving the hypothalamus and the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis as well as between the rostral insula and the right amygdala. Decreased connectivity in this network was associated with greater food craving, a relation mediated by visceral adiposity [43].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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BDNF influences neural cue-reactivity to food stimuli and food craving in obesity

Bumb

Bach

Grosshans

et al. 2020

Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci

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There is increasing evidence that brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) impacts on the development of obesity. We are the first to test the hypothesis that BDNF levels might be associated with neural reactivity to food cues in patients suffering from obesity and healthy controls. We assessed visual food cue-induced neural response in 19 obese patients and 20 matched controls using functional magnetic resonance imaging and analyzed the associations between BDNF levels, food cue-reactivity and food craving. Whole-brain analysis in both groups revealed that food cues elicited higher neural activation in clusters of mesolimbic brain areas including the insula (food > neutral). Patients suffering from obesity showed a significant positive correlation between plasma BDNF levels and visual food cue-reactivity in the bilateral insulae. In addition, patients suffering from obesity with positive food cue-induced insula activation also reported significantly higher food craving than those with low cue-reactivity—an effect that was absent in normal weight participants. The present findings implicate that BDNF levels in patients suffering from obesity might be involved in food craving and obesity in humans. This highlights the importance to consider BDNF pathways when investigating obesity and obesity treatment.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

BDNF influences neural cue-reactivity to food stimuli and food craving in obesity

Bumb

Bach

Grosshans

et al. 2020

Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci

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“…Further research should aim at ascertaining the putative mechanisms linking adiposity to overreaction to affective stimuli. Body fat has indeed been shown to modulate activity in other brain networks, such as those subserving homeostatic and reward signal processing 63 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A multimodal MRI study of the neural mechanisms of emotion regulation impairment in women with obesity

et al. 2019

Self Cite

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Maladaptive emotion regulation contributes to overeating and impedes weight loss. Our study aimed to compare the voluntary downregulation of negative emotions by means of cognitive reappraisal in adult women with obesity (OB) and female healthy controls (HC) using a data-driven, multimodal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) approach. Women with OB ( n = 24) and HC ( n = 25) carried out an emotion regulation task during functional MRI scanning. Seed-to-voxel resting-state connectivity patterns derived from activation peaks identified by this task were compared between groups. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) was used to examine white matter microstructure integrity between regions exhibiting group differences in resting-state functional connectivity. Participants in the OB group presented reduced activation in the ventromedial prefrontal (vmPFC) cortex in comparison to the HC group when downregulating negative emotions, along with heightened activation in the extrastriate visual cortex ( p < 0.05, AlphaSim-corrected). Moreover, vmPFC peak activity levels during cognitive reappraisal were negatively correlated with self-reported difficulties in emotion regulation. OB patients exhibited decreased functional connectivity between the vmPFC and the temporal pole during rest (peak-pFWE = 0.039). Decreased fractional white-matter track volume in the uncinate fasciculus, which links these two regions, was also found in participants with OB. Taken together, our findings are indicative of emotion regulation deficits in OB being underpinned by dysfunctional hypoactivity in the vmPFC and hyperactivity in the extrastriate visual cortex. Our results provide a potential target circuit for neuromodulatory interventions to improve emotion regulation skills and weight-loss intervention outcomes.

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“…Visceral obesity is closely associated with impaired metabolism and incidence of CKD. Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) 7,15,16 provide accurate measurements of visceral obesity, but these imaging tests are expensive and may expose patients to radiation. Therefore, these techniques are rarely available in daily practice.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

<p>Visceral Adiposity Index and Chronic Kidney Disease in a Non-Diabetic Population: A Cross-Sectional Study</p>

Xiong¹,

Shao²,

Gao³

et al. 2020

DMSO

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To investigate the correlation between visceral obesity and pathogenesis of chronic kidney disease (CKD) among non-diabetic individuals, and to evaluate the potential of visceral adiposity index (VAI) as a predictor of CKD. Patients and Methods: From December 2017 to March 2018, 1877 non-diabetic participants (male n=699, female n=1208) in southern China were recruited for a cross-sectional survey. Males and females were divided into four groups according to gender-specific quartiles of VAI scores. A logistic regression model was established to analyze the correlation between visceral adiposity index and CKD. Results: Visceral adiposity index was positively correlated with CKD and was negatively associated with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Using group one as the control, odds ratios (ORs) were calculated to determine the risk of developing CKD as VAI increased (male: group four 2.73 [P<0.005]; female: Group three 1.76 [P<0.05], Group four 2.88 [P<0.005]). When related factors such as history of hypertension, smoking, alcohol use, and physical inactivity were normalized in the logistic model before calculation, ORs became 2.73 (male: P<0.05), and 2.18 (female: P<0.05), respectively. The results differed after normalizing further for systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), hypersensitive c-reactive protein (hsCRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), homocysteine (Hcy), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and retinol-binding protein (RBP). There were no significant differences in ORs among the female groups. Conclusion: Visceral adiposity index was significantly associated with CKD in non-diabetic individuals. It may be a good predictor of the pathogenesis of CKD and was dependent on hsCRP, IL-6, Hcy, SOD, RBP, and blood pressure levels in females and males with VAI scores of 1.41 and higher. Visceral adiposity index may be used to predict CKD in males with VAI less than 0.983.

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Visceral adiposity and insular networks: associations with food craving

Cited by 11 publications

References 46 publications

BDNF influences neural cue-reactivity to food stimuli and food craving in obesity

BDNF influences neural cue-reactivity to food stimuli and food craving in obesity

A multimodal MRI study of the neural mechanisms of emotion regulation impairment in women with obesity

<p>Visceral Adiposity Index and Chronic Kidney Disease in a Non-Diabetic Population: A Cross-Sectional Study</p>

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