Biopesticide Activity from Drimanic Compounds to Control Tomato Pathogens

Abstract

Tomato crops can be affected by several infectious diseases produced by bacteria, fungi, and oomycetes. Four phytopathogens are of special concern because of the major economic losses they generate worldwide in tomato production; Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis and Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato, causative agents behind two highly destructive diseases, bacterial canker and bacterial speck, respectively; fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici that causes Fusarium Wilt, which strongly affects tomato crops; and finally, Phytophthora spp., which affect both potato and tomato crops. Polygodial (1), drimenol (2), isonordrimenone (3), and nordrimenone (4) were studied against these four phytopathogenic microorganisms. Among them, compound 1, obtained from Drimys winteri Forst, and synthetic compound 4 are shown here to have potent activity. Most promisingly, the results showed that compounds 1 and 4 affect Clavibacter michiganensis growth at minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) values of 16 and 32 µg/mL, respectively, and high antimycotic activity against Fusarium oxysporum and Phytophthora spp. with MIC of 64 µg/mL. The results of the present study suggest novel treatment alternatives with drimane compounds against bacterial and fungal plant pathogens.

Streptomycin resistance in Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis strains from Chile is related to an rpsL gene mutation

“…The need for novel alternatives to control plant pathogenic bacteria, such as cultural and biological control and genetic resistance, was raised 30 years ago (Cooksey, ). Unfortunately, to date, there are still no efficient alternatives to control pathogenic Cmm strains, but a search for novel antimicrobial compounds based on plant extracts is currently underway in Chile (Montenegro et al ., ).…”

Biogenic AgNPs—A Nano Weapon against Bacterial Canker of Tomato (BCT)

“…To our knowledge this is the rst study to employ mycelial extract of P. oligandrum against BCT. e production of antimicrobial compounds by P. oligandrum and its ability to induce resistance in plants highlights its importance [33][34][35].…”

Biological control of the tomato wilt caused by Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis using formulated plant growth-promoting bacteria

“…Temperatures in the range (25-28°C) and high humidity are optimal for symptom development (Sharabani et al 2014). The disease develops most rapidly in young, succulent, and well-fertilized plants and with no current cure, when the spread of the disease occurs in a greenhouse or field, it is difficult to manage or eradicate (Montenegro et al 2018). In Egypt, this disease was detected on tomato plants grown in certain newly reclaimed areas (Abd El-Sayed 2002, 2003.…”