Putative candidate genes responsible for leaf rolling in rye (Secale cereale L.)

Abstract

BackgroundRolling of leaves (RL) is a phenomenon commonly found in grasses. Morphology of the leaf is an important agronomic trait in field crops especially in rice; therefore, majority of the rice breeders are interested in RL. There are only few studies with respect to RL of wheat and barley; however, the information regarding the genetic base of RL with respect to the shape of leaf in rye is lacking. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study on the localization of loci controlling RL on high density consensus genetic map of rye.ResultsGenotypic analysis led to the identification of 43 quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for RL, grouped into 28 intervals, which confirms the multigenic base of the trait stated for wheat and rice. Four stable QTLs were located on chromosomes 3R, 5R, and 7R.Co-localization of QTL for RL and for different morphological, biochemical and physiological traits may suggests pleiotropic effects of some QTLs. QTLs for RL were associated with QTLs for such morphological traits as: grain number and weight, spike number per plant, compactness of spike, and plant height. Two QTLs for RL were found to coincide with QTLs for drought tolerance (4R, 7R), two with QTLs for heading earliness (2R, 7R), one with α-amylase activity QTL (7R) and three for pre-harvest sprouting QTL (1R, 4R, 7R).The set of molecular markers strongly linked to RL was selected, and the putative candidate genes controlling the process of RL were identified. Twelve QTLs are considered as linked to candidate genes on the base of DArT sequences alignment, which is a new information for rye.ConclusionsOur results expand the knowledge about the network of QTLs for different morphological, biochemical and physiological traits and can be a starting point to studies on particular genes controlling RL and other important agronomic traits (yield, earliness, pre-harvest sprouting, reaction to water deficit) and to appoint markers useful in marker assisted selection (MAS). A better knowledge of the rye genome and genes could both facilitate rye improvement itself and increase the efficiency of utilizing rye genes in wheat breeding.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s12863-018-0665-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

QTL detection and putative candidate gene prediction for leaf rolling under moisture stress condition in wheat

“…Five of these QTLs significantly co-localized with QTLs associated with plant productivity. In rye (RR, 2n = 14), a distant relative of wheat, four stable QTLs for flag leaf rolling located on chromosomes 3R, 5R, and 7R were reported 25 . However, only few studies on leaf rolling is reported in hexaploid wheat.…”

“…dicoccoides ) identified 11 significant QTLs associated with flag leaf rolling 24 . In another related species Secale cereale (Rye), four stable QTLs associated with leaf rolling were reported on chromosomes 3R, 5R, and 7R 25 utilizing DArT markers. Wheat is a polyploid species and identifying genes with minor effects like those affecting drought tolerance is a daunting task.…”

Genome‐wide association mapping and genomic prediction of Fusarium head blight resistance, heading stage and plant height in winter rye (Secale cereale)

“…Generally, rye has been reported to be more resistant to biotic (Arseniuk, Foremska, Góral, & Chełkowski, ; Gaikpa, Lieberherr, Maurer, Longin, & Miedaner, ; Miedaner, Reinbrecht, Lauber, Schollenberger, & Geiger, ) and abiotic (Bartoš et al, ; Myşków, Góralska, Lenarczyk, Czyczyło‐Mysza, & Stojałowski, ; Villareal, Bañuelos, Mujeeb‐Kazi, & Rajaram, ) stress factors compared to wheat and triticale. However, rye can be infected with several diseases including Fusarium head blight (FHB), reducing grain size and grain yield and contaminating the grains with mycotoxins, like deoxynivalenol (DON) and zearalenone (ZON) (Miedaner & Geiger, ).…”

Genomics-assisted breeding in minor and pseudo-cereals

“…Studies involving the QTL mapping of other minor and pseudo-cereals, however, are relatively limited and mostly include studies in rye (Erath et al 2016, Miedaner et al 2018, Myśków et al 2018, Wang et al 2015, oat (Admassu-Yimer et al 2019, Babiker et al 2015, Pellizzaro et al 2016, Schneider et al 2015, Sunstrum et al 2018, Zimmer et al 2018, and millet. Of the various types of millet, pearl millet (Ambawat et al 2016, Aparna et al 2015, Kumar et al 2016b, 2018, Pucher et al 2018, Punnuri et al 2016, Taunk et al 2018 and foxtail millet (Fang et al 2016, Mauro-Herrera and Doust 2016, Ni et al 2017, Odonkor et al 2018, Wang et al 2017a, 2017b have received the majority of research attention, although one study also focused on proso millet (Rajput et al 2016).…”