Differentiated Data Aggregation Routing Scheme for Energy Conserving and Delay Sensitive Wireless Sensor Networks

Abstract

Data aggregation is a widely adopted method to effectively reduce the data transmission volume and improve the lifetime of wireless sensor networks (WSNs). In the data aggregation networks, some parameters directly determine the delay of aggregation. In industrial applications, the data generated by different sensors have different requirements for delay or other QoS performance. In the previous study, a common strategy is that all kinds of data is aggregated into one frame when the condition is satisfied with a QoS requirement, which causes excessive energy consumption and severely impairs the lifetime of network. A Differentiated Data Aggregation Routing (DDAR) scheme is proposed to reduce energy consumption and guarantee that the delay could be controlled within the corresponding QoS requirement constraint. The primary contributions of the DDAR scheme are the following: (a) The DDAR scheme makes data with different QoS requirement route to the sink along the different paths. The parameters of the aggregators in each path, such as aggregation deadline (Tt) and the aggregation threshold (Nt), are configured according to the QoS requirements. Accordingly, energy consumption can be reduced without degrading the performance of data transmission. (b) Based on DDAR scheme, an improved DDAR scheme is proposed to further improve performance through fully utilize the residual energy in the nodes which are far from the sink. The frequency of aggregation of these nodes increases by reducing the value of Tt and Nt so as to further improve the energy efficiency and reduce delay. Simulation results demonstrate that compared with the previous scheme, this scheme reduces the delay by 25.01%, improves the lifetime by 55.45%, and increases energy efficiency by 83.99%. The improved DDAR scheme improves the energy efficiency by 33.97% and service guarantee rate by 10.11%.

A low redundancy data collection scheme to maximize lifetime using matrix completion technique

“…Due to the characteristics of wireless communication channels, to guarantee reliability of data transmission, it is usually necessary to adopt a mechanism to guarantee reliability, resulting in increase in delay. The method commonly used to guarantee the reliability of data transmission is send-wait retransmission protocol [59]. In stop-wait protocol, sender waits for the receiver to return an ACK of the received data after sending the data.…”

An Energy Conserving and Transmission Radius Adaptive Scheme to Optimize Performance of Energy Harvesting Sensor Networks

“…Thus, there are lots of energy consumption balanced routing algorithms proposed by researchers, as shown in refs. [ 27 , 28 , 30 , 31 , 39 , 41 , 52 , 56 ]. Summarizing some common features of the current energy consumption equilibrium routing strategies in ref.…”

“…An important feature of energy consumption in wireless sensor networks is uneven energy consumption [ 51 , 52 ], because its data transmission is centered on the sink, which shows a many-to-one data collection feature. Therefore, the energy consumption around the sink is much higher than that of other regions in hotspots, and the energy consumption of the far sink region node is much smaller than that of hotspots, which causes premature death of hotspot nodes in ordinary WSNs, due to high energy consumption, thus forming a so-called “energy hole” and making the network die prematurely [ 11 , 30 , 36 ].…”

“…The issue of reducing delay. Data is routed from the source node to the sink via multi-hop routing, and one of the important performance parameters is delay [ 7 , 9 , 15 , 28 , 30 , 31 , 52 ], which generally refers to the time that the data is generated from the source node until the sink successfully receives the data packet. Obviously, the smaller the delay, the better, because in some delay-sensitive applications, it makes sense to route data to the sink quickly because delayed data transmission may cause disastrous consequences [ 7 , 9 , 15 ].…”

“…Obviously, the smaller the delay, the better, because in some delay-sensitive applications, it makes sense to route data to the sink quickly because delayed data transmission may cause disastrous consequences [ 7 , 9 , 15 ]. For example, in the monitoring of emergency events or of industrial sites, such as boilers, metallurgical furnaces, and automatic assembly lines, rapid data transmission enables the control center to adopt corresponding countermeasures to avoid disasters, while dragged data transmission will result in the control center not having adequate time to take measures to avoid disasters [ 10 , 31 , 52 ].…”