Capillary electrophoresis in the enantioseparation of modern antidepressants: An overview

Abstract

Chirality is a key subject in modern drug research as well as in the pharmaceutical industry and drug development. Almost all second-generation modern antidepressants are chiral substances; however in therapy some are used as racemic mixtures while others are used as pure enantiomers. The development of enantioseparation methods of chiral antidepressants and their metabolites is one of the keys in understanding their enantioselective drug action. For this purpose, efficient and reliable analytical methods are needed, and capillary electrophoresis has proved to be an interesting and advantageous alternative to the more frequently used chromatographic techniques. In this review electrodriven methods available for the chiral discrimination of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (fluoxetine, citalopram, sertraline) and selective serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (venlafaxine, duloxetine) are presented and discussed.

Construction and Application of Graphene Oxide-Bovine Serum Albumin Modified Extended Gate Field Effect Transistor Chiral Sensor

“…Therefore, recognizing chiral enantiomers is of great significance for drug design and understanding the metabolism and regulation in organisms. At present, the identification and resolution of chiral molecules are usually achieved by means of high-performance liquid chromatography [ 3 ], capillary electrophoresis [ 4 ], electrochemistry [ 5 ], and circular dichroism [ 6 ], which are often time-consuming, require cost-ineffective equipment, produce low responses, and present difficulty achieving real-time online analysis. Consequently, the development of a new type of enantiomer recognition platform is key to meeting the needs of label-free, highly sensitive, fast-response detection.…”

Capillary electrophoretic methods for quality control analyses of pharmaceuticals: A review

“…An overview of previously published analytical methods is summarized in [3,[5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]. Review articles focused on analyses of drug counter ions [14,15] and excipients [15,16], enantiopurity control [17][18][19][20], and selected groups of drugs [21][22][23] are also available. CE has proven effective for the characterization and quality control of biopharmaceuticals such as monoclonal antibodies and oligonucleotides.…”

Pinças nano-ópticas e síntese enantiosseletiva com meta-estruturas.

“…É bem sabido que as moléculas quirais só mostram seu atributo assimétrico (R ou S) quando interagem com um entorno quiral e dada essa natureza tão sutil é difícil diferenciálas. As pesquisas mostram que os métodos químicos analíticos tradicionais, tais como a Cromatografia Quiral (CQ) e Eletroforese Capilar (EC), continuam sendo os métodos mais comuns para síntese enantiosseletiva, devido à sua eficácia, alta performance e avaliação rápida na identificação de enantiômeros (CHESTER, 2013;HEGADE;DE BEER;LY-NEN, 2017;SEBESTOV Á;PETR, 2017;HANCU et al, 2018). No entanto, essas técnicas que empregam fases fluídicas quirais são muito complexas (PACI; SZLEIFER; RATNER, 2007; SCRIBA, 2016) devido à interação quiral entre os enantiômeros e os seletores quirais cuidadosamente escolhidos nos métodos CQ e EC tornando-os processos não passivos e, por conseguinte, com muitas desvantagens científicas e industriais.…”