Patient awareness, willingness, and barriers to point-of-care hepatitis C screening in community pharmacy

Brewer, Alexander; Hanna, Cathy; Eckmann, Lynne; Schadler, Aric; Divine, Holly

doi:10.1016/j.japh.2018.04.031

Cited by 11 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Free, pharmacy‐based HIV and HCV testing was acceptable among the vast majority of PWUD in our study (75.0% and 80.0%, respectively). These numbers are similar to those reported by Brewer and colleagues, who found that 71% of pharmacy patron respondents born between 1945 and 1965 and at risk for HCV were willing to receive HCV screening in a community pharmacy 30 . To our knowledge, this is the first paper to describe the likelihood of PWUD to participate in free testing at pharmacies.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Attitudes toward pharmacy‐based HCV/HIV testing among people who use drugs in rural Kentucky

Duong

Delcher

Freeman

et al. 2021

The Journal of Rural Health

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Purpose Rural areas of the United States have experienced outbreaks of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections among people who use drugs (PWUD). Pharmacy‐based interventions may play a crucial role in prevention and entry into care, especially when traditional health care access is limited. The willingness of rural PWUD to use pharmacies for HIV/HCV‐related services remains unknown. The purpose of this study was to describe the factors associated with the perceived likelihood of participating in free pharmacy‐based HIV and HCV testing among PWUD living in rural Kentucky. Methods Baseline data from the CARE2HOPE study in five Appalachian counties in eastern Kentucky were used. Participants were recruited using respondent‐driven sampling and completed interviewer‐administered surveys. Guided by the Andersen and Newman Framework of Health Services Utilization, we examined distributions and correlates of items regarding willingness to participate in free pharmacy‐based HIV/HCV testing using logistic regression. Analyses included individuals who reported being HIV (N = 304) or HCV (N = 185) negative. Findings Seventy‐five percent of PWUD reported being “very likely” to participate in free pharmacy‐based HIV testing and 80% for HCV testing. Two factors were associated with being less willing to participate in free HIV testing: PWUD who previously tested for HIV (OR: 0.47, CI: 0.25–0.88) and PWUD who obtained a high school diploma or equivalent compared to those who completed less (OR: 0.50, CI: 0.26–0.99). Conclusion Free pharmacy‐based HIV and HCV testing was invariably acceptable among most of the rural PWUD in our sample, suggesting that pharmacies might be acceptable testing venues for this population.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Attitudes toward pharmacy‐based HCV/HIV testing among people who use drugs in rural Kentucky

Duong

Delcher

Freeman

et al. 2021

The Journal of Rural Health

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“…29 Another study looking at patient willingness to receive HCV testing found that 71.7% were willing to be screened in a pharmacy, but only 34.5% were willing to pay more than $20. 30 Although financial challenges exist, they are not insurmountable. Although the managers in pharmacies without an established POCT cited cost as a barrier, difficulty with financial sustainability was infrequently described by those in the pharmacies currently offering these services, suggesting that reliable financial models exist.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A state-level needs analysis of community pharmacy point-of-care testing

Gallimore¹,

Porter²,

Barnett³

et al. 2021

Journal of the American Pharmacists Association

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Background: The uptake of point-of-care testing (POCT) within community pharmacies at state and national levels is largely unknown despite the endorsement and advocacy efforts of pharmacy organizations, recent legislative advances, and numerous models for successful POCT implementation within individual pharmacy sites.Objectives: The study aimed to describe the current landscape of POCT in Wisconsin community pharmacies and identify opportunities for the advancement of testing and the key factors influencing the realization of these opportunities. Methods: A survey was administered over the telephone to pharmacy managers of community pharmacies in Wisconsin. The sites were randomly selected from predefined geographic regions to mirror pharmacy distribution across Wisconsin. The survey items evaluated provision of POCT, future direction of POCT, barriers and motivators to offering POCT, and pharmacy demographics. Descriptive statistics and thematic analysis were used to analyze data. Results: Pharmacy managers from 147 of the 938 registered community pharmacies (15.7%) participated in the survey. Only 17.1% of the pharmacies were offering POCT; however, 48.3% of managers reported that their pharmacy would likely implement or expand POCT within the next 5 years. The most commonly reported barriers to initiating or expanding POCT were the limitations on pharmacist availability to oversee testing and workflow restrictions. Continuing to advance the pharmacy profession was a top reason for offering or expanding testing services. Discussion: While few pharmacies are offering POCT in Wisconsin, there is motivation for expansion in coming years. Understanding, anticipating and addressing common barriers can faciliate this process. Conclusion: This needs analysis offers a blueprint for researchers, educators, and clinicians to shape POCT efforts by examining the landscape of pharmacy-based testing in their own states and communities.

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“…One national organization has shifted its grant giving to focus on delivery of services that include community pharmacy ( 8 ). The importance of grant funding to pharmacy is not specific to diabetes prevention programs but instead to myriad services such as hepatitis C point-of-care testing and prenatal breastfeeding services ( 9 , 10 ). Previous research explored development of business models for care services delivery in pharmacies ( 11 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Community Pharmacy Engagement in Diabetes Prevention: Key Informant Interviews with Pharmacy Executives

Roszak

Ferreri

2020

Prev. Chronic Dis.

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What is already known on this topic? Effective yet underused strategies exist to prevent or delay the onset of type 2 diabetes. Community pharmacies are accessible destinations for preventive and chronic care management, and some pharmacies offer diabetes prevention services, including diabetes testing and lifestyle-change interventions. What is added by this report? This study identified factors that influence whether community pharmacies adopt and implement diabetes testing and National Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) lifestyle-change interventions. What are the implications for public health practice? Community pharmacies can offer diabetes testing and the National DPP lifestyle-change intervention, both of which support public health goals to increase awareness and action for people with prediabetes. Barriers to implementation of diabetes prevention programs should be addressed.

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Patient awareness, willingness, and barriers to point-of-care hepatitis C screening in community pharmacy

Cited by 11 publications

References 5 publications

Attitudes toward pharmacy‐based HCV/HIV testing among people who use drugs in rural Kentucky

Attitudes toward pharmacy‐based HCV/HIV testing among people who use drugs in rural Kentucky

A state-level needs analysis of community pharmacy point-of-care testing

Community Pharmacy Engagement in Diabetes Prevention: Key Informant Interviews with Pharmacy Executives

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