30 Years of Air Quality Trends in Japan

Ito, Akiyoshi; Wakamatsu, Shinji; Morikawa, Tazuko; Kobayashi, Shinji

doi:10.3390/atmos12081072

Cited by 41 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…However, the NO 2 level increased by ~ 13% year −1 from 2013 to 2015. As per the observation of Ito et al (2021), a significant reduction in (~ 75%) SO 2 concentrations has been detected in Japan over 30 years . Jang et al (2017) observed an increasing trend of SO 2 levels in the rural and commercial sites of Busan, South Korea, throughout the period from 2005 to 2014 due to local emissions from shipping industries, while NO 2 levels remain constant.…”

Section: The Annual Trend Of So 2 and Nosupporting

confidence: 56%

Global Trends of Acidity in Rainfall and Its Impact on Plants and Soil

Prakash

Agrawal

2022

J Soil Sci Plant Nutr

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Due to its deleterious and large-scale effects on the ecosystem and long-range transboundary nature, acid rain has attracted the attention of scientists and policymakers. Acid rain (AR) is a prominent environmental issue that has emerged in the last hundred years. AR refers to any form of precipitation leading to a reduction in pH to less than 5.6. The prime reasons for AR formation encompass the occurrence of sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ), nitrogen oxides (NO x ), ozone (O 3 ), and organic acids in air produced by natural as well as anthropogenic activities. India, the top SO 2 emitter, also shows a continuous increase in NO 2 level responsible for AR formation. The plants being immobile unavoidably get exposed to AR which impacts the natural surrounding negatively. Plants get affected directly by AR due to reductions in growth, productivity, and yield by damaging photosynthetic mechanisms and reproductive organs or indirectly by affecting underground components such as soil and root system. Genes that play important role in plant defense under abiotic stress gets also modulated in response to acid rain. AR induces soil acidification, and disturbs the balance of carbon and nitrogen metabolism, litter properties, and microbial and enzymatic activities. This article overviews the factors contributing to AR, and outlines the past and present trends of rainwater pH across the world, and its effects on plants and soil systems.

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Section: The Annual Trend Of So 2 and Nosupporting

confidence: 56%

Global Trends of Acidity in Rainfall and Its Impact on Plants and Soil

Prakash

Agrawal

2022

J Soil Sci Plant Nutr

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“…The reduction of NO 2 in 2018-2019 could be due to the decommissioning of the Ainoura Power Station, a crude oil-fired power www.nature.com/scientificreports/ plant. The more gradual decrease of NO 2 during the study period, as indicated by the trend and forecast analysis, can be attributed, among other factors, to the stricter vehicle emission regulations implemented 22 and also the regulation of emissions from stationary sources such as fossil fuel powerplants, electric and industrial boilers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Spatiotemporal distribution, trend, forecast, and influencing factors of transboundary and local air pollutants in Nagasaki Prefecture, Japan

Chicas

Valladarez

Omine

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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The study of PM2.5 and NO2 has been emphasized in recent years due to their adverse effects on public health. To better understand these pollutants, many studies have researched the spatiotemporal distribution, trend, forecast, or influencing factors of these pollutants. However, rarely studies have combined these to generate a more holistic understanding that can be used to assess air pollution and implement more effective strategies. In this study, we analyze the spatiotemporal distribution, trend, forecast, and factors influencing PM2.5 and NO2 in Nagasaki Prefecture by using ordinary kriging, pearson's correlation, random forest, mann–kendall, auto-regressive integrated moving average and error trend and seasonal models. The results indicated that PM2.5, due to its long-range transport properties, has a more substantial spatiotemporal variation and affects larger areas in comparison to NO2, which is a local pollutant. Despite tri-national efforts, local regulations and legislation have been effective in reducing NO2 concentration but less effective in reducing PM2.5. This multi-method approach provides a holistic understanding of PM2.5 and NO2 pollution in Nagasaki prefecture, which can aid in implementing more effective pollution management strategies. It can also be implemented in other regions where studies have only focused on one of the aspects of air pollution and where a holistic understanding of air pollution is lacking.

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“…Air pollution trends differ by pollutant and by country. In Japan and Thailand, decreasing trends of CO, NOx, SO2 and PM were found, whereas O3 was increasing (Aziz et al, 2016;Ito, et al, 2021). In Malaysia, CO and SO2 had decreasing trends, and O3 an increasing trend (Mohtar et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal Patterns and Trends of Air Pollution in the Upper Northern Thailand from 2004 to 2018

Sukkhum

Lim

Ingviya

et al. 2022

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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The seasonal patterns and trends of air pollutants can be used in assessments of air quality, facilitating authorities' decisions on policies for monitoring and managing. The objective of this study was to investigate the seasonal patterns and trends of air pollutants in the upper northern Thailand (UNT) from 2004 to 2018. The hourly air pollutant concentration data including carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), nitrogen oxide (NOx), sulfur dioxide (SO2), ozone (O3), and particulate matter ≤ 10 µm (PM10) recorded from 6 monitoring stations in the UNT were obtained from the Pollution Control Department, Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment of Thailand. Cubic splines were used to assess seasonal patterns and trends of the air pollutants. Linear regression was used to estimate the average increase in concentrations of air pollutants at each monitoring station. The results exhibited seasonal patterns for CO, NOx, NO2, O3 and PM10, in all stations while SO2 exhibited seasonal patterns only in one station in Lampang and all stations in Chiangmai. The concentrations of these pollutants rose during August and September and reached peak levels in March. In the past 15 years, the levels of overall CO, O3 and SO2 in the UNT had significantly increased, on average by 0.015 ppm, 0.012 ppb and 0.015 ppb, respectively. In contrast, NO2, NOx and PM10 had significantly decreased on average of -0.010 ppb, -0.008 ppb and -0.011 µg m -3 , respectively. The results provide information to the authorities for setting up proper measures and policies to control and mitigate air quality impacts especially in the dry season.

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30 Years of Air Quality Trends in Japan

Cited by 41 publications

References 9 publications

Global Trends of Acidity in Rainfall and Its Impact on Plants and Soil

Global Trends of Acidity in Rainfall and Its Impact on Plants and Soil

Spatiotemporal distribution, trend, forecast, and influencing factors of transboundary and local air pollutants in Nagasaki Prefecture, Japan

Seasonal Patterns and Trends of Air Pollution in the Upper Northern Thailand from 2004 to 2018

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