30×30 biodiversity gains rely on national coordination

Eckert, Isaac M.K.; Brown, Andrea; Caron, Dominique; Riva, Federico; Pollock, Laura J.

doi:10.1101/2022.12.16.520787

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 49 publications

(38 reference statements)

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“…ABP in Cameroon, for example, has historically been largely based on hunting reserves, with low emphasis on plant diversity (Murphy et al, 2023). Furthermore, patterns of cross‐taxon congruence are complex, hence prioritising other life forms cannot be assumed to also optimally capture plant diversity (Eckert et al, 2023). Our results suggest that the existing spatial placement of ABP within Africa does not align well with protecting plant FD.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

30 by 30 for plant diversity: How can we protect more of nature?

Harris,

Ottaviani,

Mulligan

et al. 2024

Plants People Planet

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Societal Impact StatementProposals to increase protected area networks to 30% of land area globally will, given habitat conversion, require ecosystem restoration. Trait‐based approaches provide tools for this and highlight priorities for protected area expansion—both where functional diversity has the highest values and where it is higher than expected given species richness. Maps of sampled angiosperm species from across Africa show where these diversity metrics deviate. These maps also show the 30% of land with greatest potential to support functional diversity at national and continental scales, of which less than a quarter is protected, demonstrating the need for coordinated trans‐national plant conservation efforts.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

30 by 30 for plant diversity: How can we protect more of nature?

Harris,

Ottaviani,

Mulligan

et al. 2024

Plants People Planet

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“…Canada is one of 190 countries committed to protecting 30% of land and water by 2030 (Eckert et al., 2023). With only ~15% of Canada's coastal areas currently protected, coastal PAs are integral to reaching this goal for effective biodiversity conservation.…”

Section: Conclusion and Conservation Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, for the Salish Sea region, we recommend reinforcing ongoing conservation efforts that preserve high‐quality coastal habitat, particularly focusing on management practices within older PAs that target rapidly declining species and expanding newer PAs into sites with stable occupancy patterns. Coordinating a network of PAs prioritizing community stability and connectivity for shifting distributions along the Pacific coast, especially in partnership with Indigenous peoples and local communities, is crucial for sustaining biodiversity and ecosystem health in an era of global change (Eckert et al., 2023; Maxwell et al., 2020).…”

Section: Conclusion and Conservation Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occupancy trends of overwintering coastal waterbird communities reveal guild‐specific patterns of redistribution and shifting reliance on existing protected areas

de Zwaan,

Huang,

Fox

et al. 2024

Global Change Biology

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Climate change and anthropogenic stressors are redistributing species and altering community composition globally. Protected areas (PAs) may not sufficiently protect populations of species undergoing distributional shifts, necessitating that we evaluate existing PAs and identify areas for future protection to conserve biodiversity across regional and temporal scales. Coastal waterbirds are important indicators of marine ecosystem health, representing mobile, long‐lived, higher trophic‐level consumers. Using a 20‐year citizen science dataset (1999–2019) with a before‐after control‐intervention sampling framework for habitat protection, we applied dynamic occupancy models to assess winter occupancy trends along the Pacific coast of Canada. Specifically, we sought to understand potential drivers of regional declines, spatial commonalities among guilds, and changes in habitat use before and after PA designation, as well as between PAs and non‐PAs. Occupancy trends varied regionally, with greater declines in the south compared to the north. Regional differences underlined potential range shifts, particularly for species with traits linked to temperature tolerance, movement, and high productivity foraging, as cold‐tolerant, migratory benthivores and piscivores wintered farther north relative to 20 years ago or retreated to cold‐water fjords. While 21 of 57 (36.8%) species responded positively to PA designation (before‐after), greater occupancy declines tended to occur in PAs established pre‐1999 relative to non‐PAs (control‐intervention). Since PAs are currently concentrated in the south, negative associations were most apparent for species retreating northward, but existing PAs may have a stabilizing or transitory effect on southern wintering species shifting into the region from farther south. We emphasize that conservation strategies must balance persistence of current communities with preserving the climate‐adapted biodiversity of tomorrow by accounting for community‐level effects of species moving into and out of existing PAs. Incorporating range shifts into PA planning by predicting distributional changes will allow conservation practitioners to identify priority habitats, such as cold‐water refugia, for persistent wildlife communities.

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“…More broadly, realizing ambitious area‐based plans will be possible only if we promptly coordinate and recognize common ground among researchers working on biodiversity conservation (Eckert et al., 2023). Ongoing disagreements such as the fragmentation debate are secondary to the general principles we outline in this letter, and we are confident that they will be resolved as data accumulate and science progresses.…”

Section: Codamentioning

confidence: 99%

Principles for area‐based biodiversity conservation

Riva,

Haddad,

Fahrig

et al. 2024

Ecology Letters

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Recent international agreements have strengthened and expanded commitments to protect and restore native habitats for biodiversity protection (“area‐based biodiversity conservation”). Nevertheless, biodiversity conservation is hindered because how such commitments should be implemented has been strongly debated, which can lead to suboptimal habitat protection decisions. We argue that, despite the debates, there are three essential principles for area‐based biodiversity conservation. These principles are related to habitat geographic coverage, amount, and connectivity. They emerge from evidence that, while large areas of nature are important and must be protected, conservation or restoration of multiple small habitat patches is also critical for global conservation, particularly in regions with high land use. We contend that the many area‐based conservation initiatives expected in the coming decades should follow the principles we identify, regardless of ongoing debates. Considering the importance of biodiversity for maintenance of ecosystem services, we suggest that this would bring widespread societal benefits.

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30×30 biodiversity gains rely on national coordination

Cited by 5 publications

References 49 publications

30 by 30 for plant diversity: How can we protect more of nature?

30 by 30 for plant diversity: How can we protect more of nature?

Occupancy trends of overwintering coastal waterbird communities reveal guild‐specific patterns of redistribution and shifting reliance on existing protected areas

Principles for area‐based biodiversity conservation

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