3-Nitrotyrosine: A biomarker of nitrogen free radical species modified proteins in systemic autoimmunogenic conditions

Ahsan, Haseeb

doi:10.1016/j.humimm.2013.06.009

Cited by 199 publications

(150 citation statements)

References 98 publications

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“…This immune activation may be due to the structural changes following protein nitration or any other PTMs such as oxidation, carbonylation, phosphorylation, and glycation including AGE, acetylation, S -nitrosylation, glutathionylation, and transglutamination. All these PTMs may contribute to the exposure of a new antigenic epitope, leading to stimulation of a cascade of immune response that starts with the activation of B and/or T cells [153]. This immune reaction can be beneficial when under normal conditions where it clears out a harmful complex or can be hazardous if its level becomes abnormal and sustained through a vicious cycle.…”

Section: Functional Consequences Of Protein Nitration In Acute Andmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional Roles of Protein Nitration in Acute and Chronic Liver Diseases

Abdelmegeed

Song

2014

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

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Nitric oxide, when combined with superoxide, produces peroxynitrite, which is known to be an important mediator for a number of diseases including various liver diseases. Peroxynitrite can modify tyrosine residue(s) of many proteins resulting in protein nitration, which may alter structure and function of each target protein. Various proteomics and immunological methods including mass spectrometry combined with both high pressure liquid chromatography and 2D PAGE have been employed to identify and characterize nitrated proteins from pathological tissue samples to determine their roles. However, these methods contain a few technical problems such as low efficiencies with the detection of a limited number of nitrated proteins and labor intensiveness. Therefore, a systematic approach to efficiently identify nitrated proteins and characterize their functional roles is likely to shed new insights into understanding of the mechanisms of hepatic disease pathophysiology and subsequent development of new therapeutics. The aims of this review are to briefly describe the mechanisms of hepatic diseases. In addition, we specifically describe a systematic approach to efficiently identify nitrated proteins to study their causal roles or functional consequences in promoting acute and chronic liver diseases including alcoholic and nonalcoholic fatty liver diseases. We finally discuss translational research applications by analyzing nitrated proteins in evaluating the efficacies of potentially beneficial agents to prevent or treat various diseases in the liver and other tissues.

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Section: Functional Consequences Of Protein Nitration In Acute Andmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional Roles of Protein Nitration in Acute and Chronic Liver Diseases

Abdelmegeed

Song

2014

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

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“…1 The reactive nitrogen species peroyxynitrite is an important nitrating agent in vivo, thus making 3-NT a biomarker for endogenous peroxynitrite activity. 2,16 Lectin-based histochemistry has been used to suggest that the source of the pigment saccharides present in melanosis coli in humans originated from macrophage phagocytosis of apoptotic epithelial cells while also demonstrating that the pigments of melanosis coli have characteristics typical of both lipofuscin and ceroid. 4 Ceroid accumulation has been documented in the small intestine of dogs with intestinal leiomyometaplasia as well as in nutritional panniculitis in cats, mink, foals, and pigs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence of Oxidative Injury in Pigs With Melanosis Coli

et al. 2014

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Melanosis coli is a dark discoloration of the colon due to accumulation of pigment-laden macrophages in the lamina propria. Three case submissions were received where rectal discoloration was reported at slaughter in pigs from separate production systems and melanosis coli was confirmed microscopically. Tissues from affected and unaffected cohort pigs were evaluated for evidence of oxidative damage using immunohistochemical staining for 3-nitrotyrosine, 4-hyroxynonenol, and malondialdehyde. Affected colons had significantly greater immunolabeling for all 3 target compounds than unaffected colons (P .001, all analyses). Hepatic vitamin E levels were low in both affected and unaffected pigs, and there was a trend toward lower values in affected pigs. Given the limited number of slaughter-collected samples available for this investigation, further study is warranted to elucidate the possible association between low vitamin E concentrations and oxidative damage in cases of melanosis coli in pigs.

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“…Indeed, murine models of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) showed abnormally high levels of RNS compared with normal mice and the systemic blockade of RNS production ameliorates the pathology [101] . Further and not surprisingly, elevated levels of antinitrotyrosine antibodies have also been measured in the synovial fluid of patients with rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis [102] as well as in serum from patients with SLE [103][104][105] . This finding was also verified in patients with active lupus nephritis, who have higher levels of serum nitrotyrosine than those without renal disease, suggesting that overproduction of NO and its derived reactive species may have a pathological role in SLE and lupus nephritis [106,107] .…”

Section: No Rns and Autoimmune Diseasementioning

confidence: 92%