3-D shallow shear velocity structure of the Jakarta Basin from transdimensional ambient noise tomography

Abstract

Summary Situated on the northern coast of the Indonesian island of Java, Jakarta and its metropolitan area (Greater Jakarta) are subject to significant earthquake hazards from a subduction zone south of Java and nearby active crustal faults. The seismic risk may be even higher because Greater Jakarta resides on a sedimentary basin filled with thick Pliocene-Pleistocene sediments. A comprehensive study of Jakarta Basin's properties and geometry is important for creating robust seismic hazard and risk assessments. The main objective of this study is to develop a 3D model of Jakarta Basin's shallow shear-wave velocity (VS) structure and improve on previous models that did not cover the basin edge due to the extent of data coverage. Between April and October 2018, we deployed a new temporary seismic network to extend the spatial coverage beyond that of a previous deployment in 2013, and sampled 143 locations through sequential deployments of 30 broad-band sensors covering Jakarta and its adjacent areas. We conducted a 2-stage transdimensional Bayesian inversion of Rayleigh wave phase velocity dispersion curves derived from seismic noise. To begin, we applied tomography and constructed 2D phase velocity maps for periods 1–5 s. Then, at each point in a regular grid defined on these maps, we invert each dispersion curve into 1D depth profiles of VS. Finally, these profiles at grid points with ∼2 km spacing are interpolated to form a pseudo-3D VS model. Our results reveal the edge of the Pliocene-Pleistocene sediments along the south. Also, we resolve a basement offset across south Jakarta that we suggest may be related to the western extension of the Baribis Fault (alternatively, the West Java Back-arc Thrust). We recommend using this 3D model of the Jakarta Basin for scenario earthquake ground motion simulations. Such simulations would help establish how important it might be to re-assess seismic hazard and risk in Greater Jakarta so that basin resonance and amplification are considered.

Generating 1D depth profile of shear-wave velocity from ambient noise cross-correlation: application to Jakarta array

“…The routine to generate a 1D Vs model consists of 2 steps: (1) calculating an average phase velocity dispersion and (2) 1D depth inversion. First, however, it is required to extract NCFs for all station pairs; the details are to be discussed in [13].…”