3-D Polarized Modulation: System Analysis and Performance

Abstract

In this paper we present a novel modulation technique for dual polarization communication systems, which reduces the error rate compared with the existent schemes. This modulation places the symbols in a 3D constellation, rather than the classic approach of 2D. Adjusting the phase of these symbols depending on the information bits, we are able to increase the bit rate. Hence, the proposed scheme conveys information by selecting both polarization state and the phase of radiated electromagnetic wave. We also analyse the performance of 3D Polarized Modulation (PMod) for different constellation sizes and we obtain a curve of rate adaptation. Finally, we compare the proposed 3D PMod with other existing schemes such as single polarization Phase Shift Keying (PSK) and double polarization Vertical Bell Laboratories Layer Space-Time (V-BLAST), both carrying the same number of information bits. The results show that 3D PMod always outperforms all other schemes, except for low order modulation. Therefore, we can conclude that 3D PMod is an excellent candidate for medium and high modulation order transmissions.

Phase Noise Cancelation Based on Polarization Modulation for Massive MIMO-OFDM Systems

“…According to (28), the power of ICI tends asymptotically to 0, lim/M⟶∞ E S ICI 2 = 0. Using (32), (33), and Proposition 3, we can see that the power of the new additive noise is lim/M⟶∞ E UW D,0 ′ 2 = 2/ 1 + x 2 σ 2 w , where σ 2 w denotes the power of the AWGN before ZF detection.…”

“…In wireless communication, the polarization modulation (PM) is a novel modulation technique to improve the performance, such as BER [28] and energy efficiency [29][30][31][32]. Moreover, it has been found in [33] that the polarization state (PS) of the signal is insensitive to phase noise.…”

“…Therefore, it can be seen that the ergodic capacity of the SU scheme is decreased in the presence of phase noise. In contrast, the proposed scheme can achieve the phase noise-free performance even according to (28), (32), and Proposition 3. The TU scheme for the massive MIMO-OFDM uplink system is compared with the proposed scheme in terms of ergodic capacity performance as shown in Figure 8.…”

“…Based on the additive noise after ZF detection which is subject to Gaussian distribution, the phase noise effect on the desired signal can be canceled. According to (28) and (32), the multiplicative phase noises in (23) can be transformed to additive aŝ…”

Diversity Analysis for Spatial Scattering Modulation in Millimeter Wave MIMO System

“…The performance of SM systems are validated via practical measurements [14], [15]. Furthermore, the SM scheme has been generalized by combining other concepts, such as the space shift keying (SSK) [16]- [20], the generalized SM (GSM) [3], the polarization shift keying system [24], [25] and the quadrature spatial modulation (QSM) [21]- [23]. In conclusion, recent studies have demonstrated that SM can be a promising wireless communication technique.…”