3‐D imaging, illustration, and quantitation of enteric glial network in transparent human colon mucosa

Liu, Y. A.; Chung, Yuan‐Chiang; Pan, Shien Tung; Shen, Ming-Yin; Hou, Yung-Chi; Peng, Shih-Jung; Pasricha, Pankaj J.; Tang, Shiue–Cheng

doi:10.1111/nmo.12115

Cited by 60 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Intra-pancreatic ganglia and islet-ganglionic association in the human pancreas Next we used 3D histology with S100B (glial marker [37]) staining to characterise the intra-pancreatic ganglia and the glial network (Fig. 7a-g).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human pancreatic neuro-insular network in health and fatty infiltration

et al. 2017

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Aims/hypothesis Identification of a pancreatic neuro-insular network in mice suggests that a similar integration of islets and nerves may be present in the human pancreas. To characterise the neuro-insular network and the intra-pancreatic ganglia in a clinically related setting, we examined human pancreases in health and with fatty infiltration via 3-dimensional (3D) histology and compared the human pancreatic microenvironment with its counterpart in mice. Methods Human pancreatic specimens from individuals with normal BMI, high BMI (≥ 25) and type 2 diabetes were used to investigate the neuro-insular network. Transparent specimens were prepared by tissue clearing for transmitted light and deeptissue fluorescence imaging to simultaneously visualise infiltrated adipocytes, islets and neurovascular networks. Results High-definition images of human islets reveal that both the sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves enter the islet core and reside in the immediate microenvironment of islet cells. Around the islets, the neuro-insular network is visualised with 3D histology to identify the intra-pancreatic ganglia (peri-lobular and intra-parenchymal ganglia) and the islet-ganglionic association. In humans, but not in mice, pancreatic fatty infiltration (BMI dependent) features adipocytes infiltrating into the parenchyma and accumulating in the perilobular space, in which the peri-lobular ganglia also reside. We identified the formation of adipose-ganglionic complexes in the peri-lobular space and enlargement of ganglia around adipocytes. In the specimen from the individual with type 2 diabetes, an increase in the number of nerve projections from the intra-parenchymal ganglia is associated with severe fatty infiltration. Conclusions/interpretation We present new perspectives of human pancreas and islet innervation via 3D histology. Our results strongly suggest that fatty infiltration in the human pancreas creates a neurotrophic microenvironment and promotes remodelling of pancreatic innervation.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human pancreatic neuro-insular network in health and fatty infiltration

et al. 2017

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“…Previous studies have also shown that enteric glia in the myenteric plexus also receive a cholinergic innervation (35). That enteric glia are innervated along with neuronal and other non-neuronal colon, Liu et al showed that enteric glial processes form a continuous network in the lamina propria from the base of crypts extending up the mucosa to the crypt openings (48). Enteric glia are also in intimate contact with subepithelial myofibroblasts and the epithelial basement membrane.…”

Section: Role Of Enteric Glia In Gi Motility Disordersmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…However, the nature of this glial network in the human gut was not well understood. Recent findings using novel imaging methods reveal the very extensive nature of the distribution of mucosal enteric glia (48). Using optical clearing methods combined with high-resolution confocal microscopy in the human jci.org Volume 125 Number 3 March 2015 glial cells.…”

Section: Role Of Enteric Glia In the Mucosamentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging roles for enteric glia in gastrointestinal disorders

Sharkey¹

2015

J. Clin. Invest.

162

131

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“…Evaluation is needed of neuronal subtypes, as well as tracking of neurites in biopsies from people with bowel motility disorders. New 3D visualization approaches make this possible (121,122). Age-and region-specific control data are also needed, in order to know what ENS anatomy should be considered normal (123).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%