3 Clinical features and investigation of growth hormone deficiency

Brook, C. G. D.; Hindmarsh, Peter C.; Smith, P. J.; Stanhope, R

doi:10.1016/s0300-595x(86)80007-x

Cited by 20 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…There does not appear to be a distinct cut-off between normal GH secre tion and GH deficiency, whatever method of assessment of GH secretion is used. It is for this reason that the concept of GH 'insufficiency' has been proposed [14], In this study, 4 out of 31 children failed to produce noctur nal GH levels greater than 20 mU/1, a level that is widely considered to indicate normal GH production. Our data suggest that GH insufficiency is common in children with short stature associated with low birth weight.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Physiological Growth Hormone Secretion in Children with Short Stature and Intra-Uterine Growth Retardation

Ackland

Stanhope

Eyre³

et al. 1988

Horm Res

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31 prepubertal children with short stature [mean height standard deviation score (SDS) -2.84] and low birth weight (mean -2.82 SDS) were studied. Mean age was 6.0 years and mean height velocity SDS was -0.76. Patients were classified as having either the clinical characteristics of Russell-Silver syndrome (RSS) (4 F, 13 M) or not (4 F, 10 M). All children had an overnight profile of spontaneous growth hormone (GH) secretion. 4 children achieved a maximum GH concentration of less than 20 mU/1. 9 children with RSS secreted only one large GH peak during the night. Most of the non-RSS group had normal GH pulse frequency but 3 boys had a fast-frequency pattern. Abnormal GH secretion may contribute towards growth failure in children with low birth weight/RSS.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Physiological Growth Hormone Secretion in Children with Short Stature and Intra-Uterine Growth Retardation

Ackland

Stanhope

Eyre³

et al. 1988

Horm Res

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“…* P Ͻ .05; ** P Ͻ .01; *** P Ͻ .001. IGHD occurs during infancy or by age 2 years, 18 whereas organic GHD does not occur at a consistent age. Turner syndrome was also excluded, even if there was a GHD, because it is a disease caused by a single sex chromosome (XO) that affects only females.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Growth Hormone on Craniofacial Growth

Funatsu

Sato

Mitani

2006

The Angle Orthodontist

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Objective: This study determined the effects of growth hormone (GH) therapy on craniofacial growth in idiopathic growth hormone deficiency (GHD). Materials and Methods: Fifty-seven patients (33 boys and 24 girls; age range 4.5 to 16.7 years) with GHD were investigated and categorized into three groups according to the duration of GH therapy: the untreated group, the short-term therapy group, and the long-term therapy group. Their lateral cephalometric radiographs were studied, and craniofacial measurements were assessed by age and sex by using matched standard deviation scores. Results: In the untreated group, the anterior cranial base, total facial height, maxillary length, mandibular total length, mandibular body length, and ramus height were smaller than the standard values. In comparison with the untreated group, the long-term therapy group had a significantly larger upper facial height (P Ͻ .05), maxillary length (P Ͻ .01), and ramus height (P Ͻ .01) measurements. Conclusions: Children who received long-term GH replacement therapy showed increased growth of the craniofacial skeleton, especially the maxilla and ramus. These findings suggest that GH accelerates craniofacial development, which improves occlusion and the facial profile.

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“…There are a number of limitations to these tests, especially in the assessment of short children (Hindmarsh & Brook, 1988). Depending on the plasma value used to define biochemical normality, all pharmacological tests have a false negative rate of about 15%, that is, each one taken alone may fail to diagnose GH deficiency in this sort of proportion (Brook et al, 1986). Some subjects with a normal response in these tests may have abnormal control of GH secretion (neurosecretory dysfunction), with disorganized secretory patterns and abnormal levels of spontaneous G H secretion (Bercu et al, 1986).…”

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confidence: 99%