3 Blood and Extracellular Fluid Volume Regulation: Role of the Renin-Angiotensin System, Kallikrein-Kinin System, and Atrial Natriuretic Peptides

Olson, Kenneth R.

doi:10.1016/s1546-5098(08)60010-2

Cited by 108 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 287 publications

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“…Ref. 21); however, there are no comprehensive studies of the effects of these conditions on fluid compartments (blood and extracellular volumes) and the relationship between these fluid compartments and cardiovascular homeostasis (22). In the present studies, we added a third paradigm by feeding FW fish a high-salt diet (FW-HS), which is also well-tolerated by trout (33).…”

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confidence: 97%

“…However, it is not clear whether water or salt balance takes precedence during the transition between these environments or after long-term adaptation. In fact, arguments have been presented for the primacy of either salt (37, 39) or volume (10,22,25,36) regulation by fish.Takei et al (37) proposed that body fluid regulation in fish is considerably different from that of mammals due to the almost complete absence of gravity in the former and the differences in salt and water availability in SW, FW, and terrestrial environments. According to their hypothesis, ion regulation supersedes water balance in fish.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Thus sodium excretion in SW and sodium reabsorption in FW are the most tightly regulated parameters, while sodium and water are coupled in mammals. The obvious implication is that colonization of land necessitated a reprioritization of salt and water homeostasis.Our laboratory (10,22,25) has proposed that, although salt balance is important, the primary concern for both SW and FW fish is volume regulation, as it is in mammals. This argument is founded on the numerous fundamental similarities in piscine and mammalian cardiovascular systems (25) and can be supported by an alternative interpretation of the evidence presented by Takei et al (37) regarding the physiology of fish in SW and FW, as follows.…”

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

“…Our laboratory (10,22,25) has proposed that, although salt balance is important, the primary concern for both SW and FW fish is volume regulation, as it is in mammals. This argument is founded on the numerous fundamental similarities in piscine and mammalian cardiovascular systems (25) and can be supported by an alternative interpretation of the evidence presented by Takei et al (37) regarding the physiology of fish in SW and FW, as follows.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Effects of freshwater and saltwater adaptation and dietary salt on fluid compartments, blood pressure, and venous capacitance in trout

Olson¹,

Hoagland²

2008

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

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Olson KR, Hoagland TM. Effects of freshwater and saltwater adaptation and dietary salt on fluid compartments, blood pressure, and venous capacitance in trout. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 294: R1061-R1067, 2008. First published January 9, 2008 doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00698.2007.-Trout are of interest in defining the relationship between fluid and salt balance on cardiovascular function because they thrive in freshwater (FW; volume loading, salt depleting), saltwater (SW; volume depleting, salt loading), and FW while fed a high-salt diet (FW-HS; volume and salt loading). The effects of chronic (Ͼ2 wk) adaptation to these three protocols on blood volume ( 51 Cr red cell space), extracellular fluid volume ( 99m Tc-diethylene triaminepenta-acetic acid space), arterial (dorsal aortic; PDA) and venous (ductus Cuvier; Pven) blood pressure, mean circulatory filling pressure (zero-flow Pven), and vascular capacitance were examined in the present study on unanesthetized rainbow trout. Blood volume, extracellular fluid volume, PDA, Pven, and mean circulatory filling pressure progressively increased in the order SW Ͻ FW Ͻ FW-HS. Vascular capacitance in SW fish appeared to be continuous with the capacitance curve of FW fish and reflect a passive volume-dependent unloading of the venous system of FW fish. Vascular capacitance curves for FW-HS fish were displaced upward and parallel to those of FW fish, indicative of an active increase in unstressed blood volume without any change in vascular compliance. These studies are the first in any vertebrate to measure the relationship between fluid compartments and cardiovascular function during independent manipulation of volume and salt balance, and they show that volume, but not salt, balance is the primary determinant of blood pressure in trout. They also present a new paradigm with which to investigate the relative contributions of water and salt balance in cardiovascular homeostasis. fish; unstressed blood volume; mean circulatory filling pressure; osmoregulation; ionoregulation THE PIONEERING STUDIES OF Goldblatt et al. (13), Guyton et al. (15), Dahl and Heine (8), and others clearly showed that salt and water balance were primary effectors of blood pressure in mammals. Although a direct effect of salt balance on blood pressure has been suggested (2), it is generally accepted that fluid volume is the primary effector of blood pressure and that salt balance is regulated to maintain fluid volume. This is not surprising, as water loss in the urine or through evaporation is a chronic problem for terrestrial vertebrates, and, because water is not actively transported, it can only be retained if osmotically coupled to an osmolyte, usually salt. However, the inexorable coupling of water and salt has been problematic in understanding the pathophysiology of blood pressure regulation (2, 19, 35).The relative impact of volume regulation and salt balance on blood pressure regulation in fish may be more amenable to experimentation. Saltwater (SW) fish live in an environment with a ...

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confidence: 97%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Effects of freshwater and saltwater adaptation and dietary salt on fluid compartments, blood pressure, and venous capacitance in trout

Olson¹,

Hoagland²

2008

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

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Transfer kinetics of perfluorooctane sulfonate from water and sediment to a marine benthic fish, the marbled flounder (Pseudopleuronectes yokohamae)

Sakurai

Kobayashi

Kinoshita

et al. 2013

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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The authors investigated the kinetics of transfer of perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) from water, suspended sediment, and bottom sediment to a marine benthic fish, the marbled flounder (Pseudopleuronectes yokohamae). Fish were exposed in 3 treatments to PFOS in combinations of these exposure media for 28 d and then depurated for 84 d. A major part (37–66%) of PFOS in the fish was in the carcass (i.e., whole body minus muscle and internal organs). Three first-order-kinetic models that differed in exposure media, that is, 1) sum of dissolved and particulate phases and sediment; 2) dissolved phase, particulate phase, and sediment; and 3) dissolved phase only, were fitted to the data assuming common rate constants among the treatments. The uptake efficiency of dissolved PFOS at the respiratory surfaces was estimated to be 3.2% that of oxygen, and the half-life of PFOS in the whole body to be 29 d to 31 d. The better fit of models 1 and 2 and the values of the estimated uptake rate constants suggested that the PFOS in suspended and bottom sediments, in addition to that dissolved in water, contributed to the observed body burden of the fish. Based on an evaluation of several possible contributing factors to the uptake of PFOS from suspended and bottom sediments, the authors propose that further investigation is necessary regarding the mechanisms responsible for the uptake. Environ Toxicol Chem 2013;32:2009–2017. © 2013 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc., on behalf of SETAC. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License, which permits use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial purposes.

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Methyl mercury toxicokinetics in channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) and largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) after intravascular administration

Schultz

Newman

1997

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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We compared the differences in the distribution and elimination of CH3Hg after intraarterial injection and serial blood removal in catfish and bass of similar body size under consistent water quality conditions. The blood and plasma concentration‐time profiles of individual fish were analyzed using a three‐compartment, clearance‐volume model. The plasma protein binding of CH3Hg was determined by ultrafiltration (30,000 mol. wt. cutoff) and the binding affinity (ρ) of CH3Hg for red blood cells (RBCs) was also calculated. Toxicokinetic analysis of the plasma concentration‐time profiles provided the following values: apparent volume of distribution at steady state (Vss) = 30 ± 14 ml/g (catfish), 6.2 ± 2 ml/g (bass); total body clearance (Clb) = 0.026 ± 0.011 ml/h/g (catfish), 0.0057 ± 0.001 ml/h/g (bass). The values of Vss and Clb estimated from the blood concentration‐time profiles in catfish and bass were fivefold lower. The elimination half‐life from blood and plasma was between 814 and 1670 h and was not statistically different between species or reference fluid. The AUC0→∞ for blood was over three times higher than plasma, due to the binding of CH3Hg to RBCs. The unbound fraction of CH3Hg in bass plasma was 14‐fold lower (0.25 vs. 3.64%) and the ρ for RBCs was 20 times greater than catfish (5,974 vs. 289). The decreased binding to plasma and RBCs in catfish is consistent with the increased extravascular distribution and clearance capacity of CH3Hg in catfish because a larger fraction of the CH3Hg in blood is available to distribute outside the vascular system.

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3 Blood and Extracellular Fluid Volume Regulation: Role of the Renin-Angiotensin System, Kallikrein-Kinin System, and Atrial Natriuretic Peptides

Cited by 108 publications

References 287 publications

Effects of freshwater and saltwater adaptation and dietary salt on fluid compartments, blood pressure, and venous capacitance in trout

Effects of freshwater and saltwater adaptation and dietary salt on fluid compartments, blood pressure, and venous capacitance in trout

Transfer kinetics of perfluorooctane sulfonate from water and sediment to a marine benthic fish, the marbled flounder (Pseudopleuronectes yokohamae)

Methyl mercury toxicokinetics in channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) and largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) after intravascular administration

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