3 Blood and Extracellular Fluid Volume Regulation: Role of the Renin-Angiotensin System, Kallikrein-Kinin System, and Atrial Natriuretic Peptides

Mediation of humoral catecholamine secretion by the renin-angiotensin system in hypotensive rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

“…This result corroborates previous observations that papaverine treatment in fish can increase plasma renin activity (Nishimura et al 1979) and plasma Ang II (Tierney et al 1995), and supports the general contention that the RAS of teleosts can be activated by a reduction in blood pressure (Olson 1992). Relative to fish treated only with papaverine, the prolonged recovery of P DA in ACEblocked and papaverine-treated trout (this study), eels (Anguilla anguilla; Tierney et al 1995), and flounders (Platichthys flesus; Perrott & Balment 1990), highlights the Figure 3 Time-course of changes in systemic vascular resistance (R S , mmHg/ml min 1 per kg) in rainbow trout administered (a) 0·9% NaCl (control; n=7), (b) the smooth muscle relaxant, papaverine (10 mg/kg; n=8), (c) papaverine (10 mg/kg) after pretreatment with the -adrenoceptor antagonist, phenoxybenzamine (n=6), (d) the ACE inhibitor, lisinopril (10 4 mol/kg; n=8), (e) lisinopril (10 4 mol/kg) followed by papaverine (10 mg/kg; n=8), or (f) lisinopril (10 4 mol/kg) followed by papaverine (10 mg/kg) and by a bolus of catecholamines (4 nmol/kg noradrenaline bitartrate and 40 nmol/kg adrenaline bitartrate; n=7).…”

“…The chronic hypotensive effects of ACE blockade observed in this study concur with similar observations in rainbow trout (Olson et al 1997a) and other teleosts (Olson 1992, Platzack et al 1993, Tierney et al 1995. Unlike other hypotensive treatments (e.g.…”

Mediation of humoral catecholamine secretion by the renin-angiotensin system in hypotensive rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

“…This result corroborates previous observations that papaverine treatment in fish can increase plasma renin activity (Nishimura et al 1979) and plasma Ang II (Tierney et al 1995), and supports the general contention that the RAS of teleosts can be activated by a reduction in blood pressure (Olson 1992). Relative to fish treated only with papaverine, the prolonged recovery of P DA in ACEblocked and papaverine-treated trout (this study), eels (Anguilla anguilla; Tierney et al 1995), and flounders (Platichthys flesus; Perrott & Balment 1990), highlights the Figure 3 Time-course of changes in systemic vascular resistance (R S , mmHg/ml min 1 per kg) in rainbow trout administered (a) 0·9% NaCl (control; n=7), (b) the smooth muscle relaxant, papaverine (10 mg/kg; n=8), (c) papaverine (10 mg/kg) after pretreatment with the -adrenoceptor antagonist, phenoxybenzamine (n=6), (d) the ACE inhibitor, lisinopril (10 4 mol/kg; n=8), (e) lisinopril (10 4 mol/kg) followed by papaverine (10 mg/kg; n=8), or (f) lisinopril (10 4 mol/kg) followed by papaverine (10 mg/kg) and by a bolus of catecholamines (4 nmol/kg noradrenaline bitartrate and 40 nmol/kg adrenaline bitartrate; n=7).…”

“…The chronic hypotensive effects of ACE blockade observed in this study concur with similar observations in rainbow trout (Olson et al 1997a) and other teleosts (Olson 1992, Platzack et al 1993, Tierney et al 1995. Unlike other hypotensive treatments (e.g.…”

Venous hemodynamic responses to acute temperature increase in the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

“…In intact trout, routine blood volume at 10°C was 38.0 ml/kg body wt. This is well within the range of previously reported values for salmonids in studies using similar methods (7,35). In splenectomized fish, V bl was 31.5 ml/kg body wt at 10°C and was similarly unaffected by temperature (Fig.…”

Cold Physiology: Postprandial Blood Flow Dynamics and Metabolism in the Antarctic Fish Pagothenia borchgrevinki

“…The increase in gastrointestinal vascular resistance to this agonist is consistent with a functional renin-angiotensin system in teleosts [44], including Antarctic species [45]. Nevertheless, the mode of action of angiotensin II is complicated and from the initial studies reported here it cannot be determined whether the vasoactive influence on the gastrointestinal vasculature was due to interactions with adrenergic control systems as found in temperate fishes [46], [47], [48].…”

Mediation of humoral catecholamine secretion by the renin-angiotensin system in hypotensive rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

“…This result corroborates previous observations that papaverine treatment in fish can increase plasma renin activity (Nishimura et al 1979) and plasma Ang II (Tierney et al 1995), and supports the general contention that the RAS of teleosts can be activated by a reduction in blood pressure (Olson 1992). Relative to fish treated only with papaverine, the prolonged recovery of P DA in ACEblocked and papaverine-treated trout (this study), eels (Anguilla anguilla; Tierney et al 1995), and flounders (Platichthys flesus; Perrott & Balment 1990), highlights the Figure 3 Time-course of changes in systemic vascular resistance (R S , mmHg/ml min 1 per kg) in rainbow trout administered (a) 0·9% NaCl (control; n=7), (b) the smooth muscle relaxant, papaverine (10 mg/kg; n=8), (c) papaverine (10 mg/kg) after pretreatment with the -adrenoceptor antagonist, phenoxybenzamine (n=6), (d) the ACE inhibitor, lisinopril (10 4 mol/kg; n=8), (e) lisinopril (10 4 mol/kg) followed by papaverine (10 mg/kg; n=8), or (f) lisinopril (10 4 mol/kg) followed by papaverine (10 mg/kg) and by a bolus of catecholamines (4 nmol/kg noradrenaline bitartrate and 40 nmol/kg adrenaline bitartrate; n=7).…”

“…The chronic hypotensive effects of ACE blockade observed in this study concur with similar observations in rainbow trout (Olson et al 1997a) and other teleosts (Olson 1992, Platzack et al 1993, Tierney et al 1995. Unlike other hypotensive treatments (e.g.…”

Venous hemodynamic responses to acute temperature increase in the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

“…In intact trout, routine blood volume at 10°C was 38.0 ml/kg body wt. This is well within the range of previously reported values for salmonids in studies using similar methods (7,35). In splenectomized fish, V bl was 31.5 ml/kg body wt at 10°C and was similarly unaffected by temperature (Fig.…”

Cold Physiology: Postprandial Blood Flow Dynamics and Metabolism in the Antarctic Fish Pagothenia borchgrevinki

“…The increase in gastrointestinal vascular resistance to this agonist is consistent with a functional renin-angiotensin system in teleosts [44], including Antarctic species [45]. Nevertheless, the mode of action of angiotensin II is complicated and from the initial studies reported here it cannot be determined whether the vasoactive influence on the gastrointestinal vasculature was due to interactions with adrenergic control systems as found in temperate fishes [46], [47], [48].…”

Mediation of humoral catecholamine secretion by the renin-angiotensin system in hypotensive rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

“…This result corroborates previous observations that papaverine treatment in fish can increase plasma renin activity (Nishimura et al 1979) and plasma Ang II (Tierney et al 1995), and supports the general contention that the RAS of teleosts can be activated by a reduction in blood pressure (Olson 1992). Relative to fish treated only with papaverine, the prolonged recovery of P DA in ACEblocked and papaverine-treated trout (this study), eels (Anguilla anguilla; Tierney et al 1995), and flounders (Platichthys flesus; Perrott & Balment 1990), highlights the Figure 3 Time-course of changes in systemic vascular resistance (R S , mmHg/ml min 1 per kg) in rainbow trout administered (a) 0·9% NaCl (control; n=7), (b) the smooth muscle relaxant, papaverine (10 mg/kg; n=8), (c) papaverine (10 mg/kg) after pretreatment with the -adrenoceptor antagonist, phenoxybenzamine (n=6), (d) the ACE inhibitor, lisinopril (10 4 mol/kg; n=8), (e) lisinopril (10 4 mol/kg) followed by papaverine (10 mg/kg; n=8), or (f) lisinopril (10 4 mol/kg) followed by papaverine (10 mg/kg) and by a bolus of catecholamines (4 nmol/kg noradrenaline bitartrate and 40 nmol/kg adrenaline bitartrate; n=7).…”

“…The chronic hypotensive effects of ACE blockade observed in this study concur with similar observations in rainbow trout (Olson et al 1997a) and other teleosts (Olson 1992, Platzack et al 1993, Tierney et al 1995. Unlike other hypotensive treatments (e.g.…”

Venous hemodynamic responses to acute temperature increase in the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

“…In intact trout, routine blood volume at 10°C was 38.0 ml/kg body wt. This is well within the range of previously reported values for salmonids in studies using similar methods (7,35). In splenectomized fish, V bl was 31.5 ml/kg body wt at 10°C and was similarly unaffected by temperature (Fig.…”

Cold Physiology: Postprandial Blood Flow Dynamics and Metabolism in the Antarctic Fish Pagothenia borchgrevinki

“…The increase in gastrointestinal vascular resistance to this agonist is consistent with a functional renin-angiotensin system in teleosts [44], including Antarctic species [45]. Nevertheless, the mode of action of angiotensin II is complicated and from the initial studies reported here it cannot be determined whether the vasoactive influence on the gastrointestinal vasculature was due to interactions with adrenergic control systems as found in temperate fishes [46], [47], [48].…”