3,5-Dimethoxy-4-benzoic acid (syringic acid) a natural phenolic acid reduces reactive oxygen species in differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes

John, Cordelia Mano; Arockiasamy, Sumathy

doi:10.1007/s11626-021-00549-7

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 49 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Syringic acid (SA) is a phenolic compound often found in many vegetables and fruits, including olives, spices, grapes, and dates. It possesses anti‐oxidant, anti‐endotoxic, anti‐microbial, anti‐inflammatory, as well as neuro‐ and hepato‐protective activities (John & Arockiasamy, 2021; Srinivasulu et al, 2018; Vo et al, 2020). A recent study also shows SA can promote osteoblastic differentiation by stimulating Runx2 expression (Arumugam et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Syringic acid promotes cartilage extracellular matrix generation and attenuates osteoarthritic cartilage degradation by activating TGF‐β/Smad and inhibiting NF‐κB signaling pathway

Wang,

Gao,

Zhang

et al. 2023

Phytotherapy Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common chronic degenerative disease which is characterized by the disruption of articular cartilage. Syringic acid (SA) is a phenolic compound with anti‐inflammatory, antioxidant, and other effects including promoting osteogenesis. However, the effect of SA on OA has not yet been reported. Therefore, the purpose of our study was to investigate the effect and mechanism of SA on OA in a mouse model of medial meniscal destabilization. The expressions of genes were evaluated by qPCR or western blot or immunofluorescence. RNA‐seq analysis was performed to examine gene transcription alterations in chondrocytes treated with SA. The effect of SA on OA was evaluated using destabilization of the medial meniscus model of mice. We found that SA had no obvious toxic effect on chondrocytes, while promoting the expressions of chondrogenesis‐related marker genes. The results of RNA‐seq analysis showed that extracellular matrix–receptor interaction and transforming growth factor‐β (TGF‐β) signaling pathways were enriched among the up‐regulated genes by SA. Mechanistically, we demonstrated that SA transcriptionally activated Smad3. In addition, we found that SA inhibited the overproduction of lipopolysaccharide‐induced inflammation‐related cytokines including tumor necrosis factor‐α and interleukin‐1β, as well as matrix metalloproteinase 3 and matrix metalloproteinase 13. The cell apoptosis and nuclear factor‐kappa B (NF‐κB) signaling were also inhibited by SA treatment. Most importantly, SA attenuated cartilage degradation in a mouse OA model. Taken together, our study demonstrated that SA could alleviate cartilage degradation in OA by activating the TGF‐β/Smad and inhibiting NF‐κB signaling pathway.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Syringic acid promotes cartilage extracellular matrix generation and attenuates osteoarthritic cartilage degradation by activating TGF‐β/Smad and inhibiting NF‐κB signaling pathway

Wang,

Gao,

Zhang

et al. 2023

Phytotherapy Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Furthermore, a recent study suggested that these effects are associated with decreases in reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels induced by SA. 26 However, it is still unclear how SA affects estrogen deficiency-induced obesity.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, Ham et al 24 reported that a diet including SA mitigates high-fat diet-induced obesity in mice, and John et al 25 demonstrated that SA suppresses adipogenesis in mouse 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. Furthermore, a recent study suggested that these effects are associated with decreases in reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels induced by SA 26 . However, it is still unclear how SA affects estrogen deficiency-induced obesity.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary syringic acid reduces fat mass in an ovariectomy-induced mouse model of obesity

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective: Postmenopausal women are at increased risk of metabolic diseases such as obesity and diabetes. Therefore, the chemoprevention of postmenopausal changes in health via dietary supplements is important. Syringic acid (SA) is a phenolic compound present in the fruit of the assai palm, Euterpe oleracea, and in the mycelium of the shiitake mushroom, Lentinula edodes. This compound shows no affinity for estrogen receptors and may exert disease-preventive effects. Reportedly, dietary SA ameliorates high-fat diet-induced obesity in mice; however, its effects on estrogen deficiency-induced obesity are still unclear. Therefore, in this study, we investigated whether and how dietary SA affects these factors in ovariectomized (OVX) mice. Methods: Ten-week-old OVX mice were fed SA-containing diets (100 mg/kg body weight/d) for 12 weeks. Their body weights, food intake, and uterus weights as well as other parameters were measured and comparisons were made with mice in the control group. Results: Dietary SA did not affect the body weight, food intake, or uterus weight of OVX mice over the study period; however, the SA-fed group showed lower fat mass (ie, visceral, subcutaneous, and total fat) than the OVX-control group (11.1 ± 3.3 vs. 8.3 ± 2.4, P < 0.05; 7.9 ± 1.1 vs. 5.9 ± 1.6, P < 0.05; 19.0 ± 4.2 vs. 14.1 ± 3.8, P < 0.05, respectively). Furthermore, blood analysis revealed that SA-treatment resulted in a dose-dependent decrease and increase in serum triglyceride (59.2 ± 8.3 vs. 43.9 ± 12.2 mg/dL P < 0.05) and adiponectin (7.7 ± 0.3 vs. 9.5 ± 0.6 μg/mL, P < 0.05) levels, respectively. Conclusions: These results suggest that the SA diet improves lipid metabolism without affecting the uterus in OVX mice. Therefore, dietary SA has potential applicability for the prevention of postmenopausal obesity and type 2 diabetes.

show abstract

Calcium signaling regulates the accumulation of phenolic acids in response to UV-B stress in Rhododendron chrysanthum Pall.

Zhou,

Gong,

Cao

et al. 2024

Plant Cell Rep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

3,5-Dimethoxy-4-benzoic acid (syringic acid) a natural phenolic acid reduces reactive oxygen species in differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes

Cited by 10 publications

References 49 publications

Syringic acid promotes cartilage extracellular matrix generation and attenuates osteoarthritic cartilage degradation by activating TGF‐β/Smad and inhibiting NF‐κB signaling pathway

Syringic acid promotes cartilage extracellular matrix generation and attenuates osteoarthritic cartilage degradation by activating TGF‐β/Smad and inhibiting NF‐κB signaling pathway

Dietary syringic acid reduces fat mass in an ovariectomy-induced mouse model of obesity

Calcium signaling regulates the accumulation of phenolic acids in response to UV-B stress in Rhododendron chrysanthum Pall.

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About