Untitled

Angelico, Patrizia; Velasco, Cristina; Guarneri, L.; Sironi, G.; Leonardi, Amedeo; Testa, Rodolfo

doi:10.1186/1471-2210-5-14

Cited by 25 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 39 publications

(40 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…One of the strategies implemented to increase the number of donor organs and reduce wait times is the use of extended criteria organs of which steatotic livers comprise a major proportion. [4][5][6] Unfortunately, transplanted steatotic livers are more prone to ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI) when compared to non-steatotic livers, and also exhibit higher rates of allograft dysfunction and reduced overall survival. 7 Hepatic steatosis, however, is not always a contraindicator for transplantation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accurate assessment of liver steatosis in animal models using a high throughput Raman fiber optic probe

Hewitt

Rad

McGregor

et al. 2015

Analyst

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Due to the shortage of healthy donor organs, steatotic livers are commonly used for transplantation, placing patients at higher risk for graft dysfunction and lower survival rates. Raman Spectroscopy is a technique which has shown the ability to rapidly detect the vibration state of C-H bonds in triglycerides. The aim of this study is to determine whether conventional Raman spectroscopy can reliably detect and quantify fat in an animal model of liver steatosis. Mice and rats fed a methionine and choline-deficient (MCD) and control diets were sacrificed on one, two, three and four weeks' time points. A confocal Raman microscope, a commercial Raman (iRaman) fiber optic probe and a highly sensitive Raman fiber optic probe system, the latter utilizing a 785 nm excitation laser, were used to detect changes in the Raman spectra of steatotic mouse livers. Thin layer chromatography was used to assess the triglyceride content of liver specimens, and sections were scored blindly for fat content using histological examination. Principal component analysis (PCA) of Raman spectra was used to extract the principal components responsible for spectroscopic differences with MCD week (time on MCD diet). Confocal Raman microscopy revealed the presence of saturated fats in mice liver sections. A commercially available handheld Raman spectroscopy probe could not distinguish the presence of fat in the liver whereas our specially designed, high throughput Raman system could clearly distinguish lobe-specific changes in fat content. In the left lobe in particular, the Raman PC scores exhibited a significant correlation (R(2) = 0.96) with the gold standard, blinded scoring by histological examination. The specially designed, high throughput Raman system can be used for clinical purposes. Its application to the field of transplantation would enable surgeons to determine the hepatic fat content of the donor's liver in the field prior to proceeding with organ retrieval. Next steps include validating these results in a prospective analysis of human liver transplantation implant biopsies.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accurate assessment of liver steatosis in animal models using a high throughput Raman fiber optic probe

Hewitt

Rad

McGregor

et al. 2015

Analyst

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, at higher doses oxybutynin is known to cross the blood brain barrier ( Todorova et al, 2001 ; Callegari et al, 2011 ), causing unwanted cognitive effects such as headache, somnolence, dizziness, confusion, and memory impairment ( Katz et al, 1998 ; Chancellor et al, 2012 ). Therefore, we selected a dose of 10 mg/kg based on previous rodent literature that was known to maximize effects on urinary behavior, while minimizing effects on cognition ( Oka et al, 2001 ; Angelico et al, 2005 ; Aizawa et al, 2012 ; Wada et al, 2017 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We surveyed several rodent studies using oxybutynin ( Oka et al, 2001 ; Angelico et al, 2005 ; Aizawa et al, 2012 ; Wada et al, 2017 ), prazosin ( Lê et al, 2011 ; Verplaetse et al, 2012 ; Do Monte et al, 2013 ), and duloxetine ( Molteni et al, 2009 ; Miyazaki and Yamamoto, 2012 ; Di Cesare Mannelli et al, 2017 ; Pérez et al, 2018 ; Yoneda et al, 2020 ) to determine appropriate dosage. Doses were selected based on reported ranges that produced intended pharmacological effects but were below levels found to cause analogous unwanted effects observed in clinical use.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Common Cholinergic, Noradrenergic, and Serotonergic Drugs Do Not Block VNS-Mediated Plasticity

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) delivered during motor rehabilitation enhances recovery from a wide array of neurological injuries and was recently approved by the U.S. FDA for chronic stroke. The benefits of VNS result from precisely timed engagement of neuromodulatory networks during rehabilitative training, which promotes synaptic plasticity in networks activated by rehabilitation. Previous studies demonstrate that lesions that deplete these neuromodulatory networks block VNS-mediated plasticity and accompanying enhancement of recovery. There is a great deal of interest in determining whether commonly prescribed pharmacological interventions that influence these neuromodulatory networks would similarly impair VNS effects. Here, we sought to directly test the effects of three common pharmaceuticals at clinically relevant doses that target neuromodulatory pathways on VNS-mediated plasticity in rats. To do so, rats were trained on a behavioral task in which jaw movement during chewing was paired with VNS and received daily injections of either oxybutynin, a cholinergic antagonist, prazosin, an adrenergic antagonist, duloxetine, a serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor, or saline. After the final behavioral session, intracortical microstimulation (ICMS) was used to evaluate reorganization of motor cortex representations, with area of cortex eliciting jaw movement as the primary outcome. In animals that received control saline injections, VNS paired with training significantly increased the movement representation of the jaw compared to naïve animals, consistent with previous studies. Similarly, none of the drugs tested blocked this VNS-dependent reorganization of motor cortex. The present results provide direct evidence that these common pharmaceuticals, when used at clinically relevant doses, are unlikely to adversely impact the efficacy of VNS therapy.

show abstract

“…Additionally this technique of conscious restrained cystometry has been utilized successfully in our lab as well as by others to study bladder function. 10,19–21 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterizing the Bladder's Response to Onabotulinum Toxin Type A Using a Rat Model

Dieter¹,

Wu²,

Siddiqui³

et al. 2016

Female Pelvic Med Reconstr Surg

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objectives To characterize the response of the rat bladder neuromuscular system to intramural injection of onabotulinum toxin type A (BoNT/A) over 9 weeks using in vivo cystometry (CMG) and in vitro contractility (IVC). Methods Chronic bladder catheters were implanted in female Sprague-Dawley rats and either 1) BoNT/A (10 units in 20μl saline) or 2) saline (20μl) was injected in 5 × 4μl doses throughout the bladder wall. At 1, 3, 6 and 9 weeks after injection, conscious restrained CMG was performed. At each time point, 25% of each group (8 BoNT/A and 4 controls) was euthanized and bladders harvested for IVC. We measured IVC in response to electric field stimulation, carbachol, and potassium chloride. Results In total 47 animals were included; 31 underwent BoNT/A injection, and 16 received sham (saline). Bladder capacities did not differ significantly between groups for each time point. One week after injection, BoNT/A animals exhibited significantly longer bladder contraction durations and lower voiding efficiencies compared to controls. By 3 weeks these values returned to control levels. For BoNT/A animals, contractile response to carbachol stimulation was enhanced at 3 weeks. Otherwise there were no differences in IVC responses. Conclusions One week following BoNT/A injection, prolonged bladder contractions are noted in rats. This may reflect supraspinal compensation for denervation by increasing the duration of efferent drive during voiding. After 3 weeks post injection we observed no differences in either CMG or IVC responses suggesting either compensatory efferent sprouting, increased gap junction formation, or loss of BoNT/A effect.

show abstract

Untitled

Cited by 25 publications

References 39 publications

Accurate assessment of liver steatosis in animal models using a high throughput Raman fiber optic probe

Accurate assessment of liver steatosis in animal models using a high throughput Raman fiber optic probe

Common Cholinergic, Noradrenergic, and Serotonergic Drugs Do Not Block VNS-Mediated Plasticity

Characterizing the Bladder's Response to Onabotulinum Toxin Type A Using a Rat Model

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About