2D Ultrathin MXene‐Based Drug‐Delivery Nanoplatform for Synergistic Photothermal Ablation and Chemotherapy of Cancer

Abstract

Two-dimensional (2D) MXenes, as a new 2D functional material nanosystem, have been extensively explored for broad applications. However, their specific performance and applications in theranostic nanomedicine have still rarely been explored. This work reports on the drug-delivery performance and synergistic therapeutic efficiency of Ti C MXenes for highly efficient tumor eradication. These Ti C MXenes not only possess high drug-loading capability of as high as 211.8%, but also exhibit both pH-responsive and near infrared laser-triggered on-demand drug release. Especially, based on the high photothermal-conversion capability of Ti C MXenes, they have been further explored for efficient tumor eradication by synergistic photothermal ablation and chemotherapy, which has been systematically demonstrated both in vitro and in vivo. These Ti C MXenes have also been demonstrated as the desirable contrast agents for photoacoustic imaging, showing the potential for diagnostic-imaging guidance and monitoring during therapy. The high in vivo histocompatibility of Ti C and their easy excretion out of the body have been evaluated and demonstrated, showing the potential high biosafety for further clinical translation. This work paves a new way for broadening biomedical applications of MXenes in nanomedicine where they can exert the high performance and functionality for synergistic therapy, especially on combating cancer.

Ti3C2 MXene Paper for the Effective Adsorption and Controllable Release of Aroma Molecules

“…The drug release was triggered by the laser induced photothermal heating and pH variation around tumor cell . Similar drug control release mechanisms were also reported by Han et al and Xing et al The photothermal ability of Ti 3 C 2 MXene was applied to accelerate the release of anticancer drug in Ti 3 C 2 MXene/cellulose hydrogel and the soybean phospholipid modified Ti 3 C 2 MXene …”

“…[47] Similar drug control release mechanisms were also reported by Han et al and Xing et al The photothermal ability of Ti 3 C 2 MXene was applied to accelerate the release of anticancer drug in Ti 3 C 2 MXene/cellulose hydrogel and the soybean phospholipid modified Ti 3 C 2 MXene. [48,49] Inspired by the remarkable properties of Ti 3 C 2 MXene, in this study, we hypothesized the possibility of utilizing Ti 3 C 2 MXene as an adsorption and encapsulation material, which could trap the aroma molecules and release them by selfresistive heating. First, the Ti 3 C 2 MXene colloidal solution was vacuum filtrated as a freestanding paper.…”

Rational Design of Efficient Organic Phototherapeutic Agents via Perturbation Theory for Enhancing Anticancer Therapeutics

“…For PT, it is important to develop highly efficient phototherapeutic agents (PTA) that can effectively kill tumor cells . To date, a large number of PTA based on inorganic materials have been investigated for efficient cancer treatment thanks to their excellent stability, high capacity for singlet oxygen generation, and photothermal conversion performance . Organic PTA possesses many advantages over inorganic materials, such as inherent biodegradability, low toxicity, and flexible design .…”

2D Nanomaterials for Cancer Theranostic Applications

“…Chen and co‐workers also fabricated 2D Ti 3 C 2 MXenes as drug delivery nanocarriers for highly efficient chemotherapy (Figure B). Based on the excellent performance of 2D Ti 3 C 2 MXenes, they have been further used for high‐efficiency tumor eradication by Ti 3 C 2 ‐assisted synergistic PTT and chemotherapy …”

“…B) 2D Ultrathin Ti 3 C 2 nanosheets as drug‐delivery nanoplatforms for synergistic chemotherapy and PTT against cancer. Reproduced with permission . Copyright 2018, Wiley‐VCH.…”