2D phase transition of PF6 adlayers at the electrified ionic liquid/Au(111) interface

Pan, Ge‐Bo; Freyland, W.

doi:10.1016/j.cplett.2006.05.114

Cited by 105 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…These conditions are required to overcome interference from the near-surface IL-solid interfacial structure which convolutes the tunneling current. 31,32 Recently, we have used amplitude modulated atomic force microscopy (AM-AFM) imaging to examine the lateral IL-solid interface in contact with a bulk IL. A rich library of nanostructures were observed both adsorbed onto [33][34][35][36][37] and near 33,36 solid interfaces, which revealed that previous descriptions based on data normal to the IL-solid interface were far too simplistic.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Near surface properties of mixtures of propylammonium nitrate with n-alkanols 1. Nanostructure

Elbourne

Cronshaw

Voïtchovsky

et al. 2015

Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.

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Use policyThe full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-pro t purposes provided that:• a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in DRO • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders.Please consult the full DRO policy for further details. * Corresponding author AbstractIn situ amplitude modulated -atomic force microscopy (AM-AFM) has been used to probe the nanostructure of mixtures of propylammonium nitrate (PAN) with n-alkanols near a mica surface. PAN is a protic ionic liquid (IL) which has a bicontinuous sponge-like nanostructure of polar and apolar domains in the bulk, which becomes flatter near a solid surface. Mixtures of PAN with 1-butanol, 1-octanol, and 1-dodecanol at 10 -70 vol% n-alkanol have been examined, along with each pure n-alkanol, to reveal the effect of composition and n-alkanol chain length. At low concentrations the butanol simply swells the PAN nearsurface nanostructure, but at higher concentrations the nanostructure fragments. Octanol and dodecanol first lower the preferred curvature of the PAN near-surface nanostructure because, unlike n-butanol, their alkyl chains are too long to be accommodated alongside the PAN cations. At higher concentrations, octanol and dodecanol self-assemble into n-alkanol rich aggregates in a PAN rich matrix. The concentration at which aggregation first becomes apparent decreases with n-alkanol chain length.2

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Near surface properties of mixtures of propylammonium nitrate with n-alkanols 1. Nanostructure

Elbourne

Cronshaw

Voïtchovsky

et al. 2015

Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.

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“…A cation is then surrounded by anions and vice-versa. Nevertheless in situ scanning tunnel microscopy (STM) studies have provided evidence of potential-induced transitions in the adsorbed layers of ionic liquids, with the formation of ordered structures on the surface of the electrode 29,30,79,80 [36][37][38] As the imension by B35%, layer entirely (which esent in a concentraeffect the measured t at high concentracation palisade layer in an orientation that is relatively compressed. It is our opinion that the true situation is some combination of the latter two possibilities.…”

Section: A Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

Computer simulations of ionic liquids at electrochemical interfaces

Merlet¹,

Rotenberg²,

Madden³

et al. 2013

Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.

155

188

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Ionic liquids are widely used as electrolytes in electrochemical devices. In this context, many experimental and theoretical approaches have been recently developed for characterizing their interface with electrodes. In this perspective article, we review the most recent advances in the field of computer simulations (mainly molecular dynamics). A methodology for simulating electrodes at constant electrical potential is presented. Several types of electrode geometries have been investigated by many groups, in order to model planar, corrugated and porous materials and we summarize the results obtained in terms of the structure of the liquids. This structure governs the quantity of charge which can be stored at the surface of the electrode for a given applied potential, which is the relevant quantity for the highly topical use of ionic liquids in supercapacitors (also known as electrochemical double-layer capacitors). A key feature, which was also shown by atomic force microscopy and surface force apparatus experiments, is the formation of a layered structure for all ionic liquids at the surface of planar electrodes. This organization cannot take place inside nanoporous electrodes, which results in a much better performance for the latter in supercapacitors. The agreement between simulations and electrochemical experiments remains qualitative only though, and we outline future directions which should enhance the predictive power of computer simulations. In the longer term, atomistic simulations will also be applied to the case of electron transfer reactions at the interface, enabling the application to a broader area of problems in electrochemistry, and the few recent works in this field are also commented upon.

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“…[65] These works are representative of the initial stages of in situ characterization of interfacial electrochemistry in ionic liquids. Despite difficulties in achieving high-resolution STM images in ionic liquid, atomic- [64,66,67] and molecular-resolution [22,29,68,69] imaging has been achieved for some systems.…”

Section: In Situ Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…So far, only a few in situ STM studies in ionic liquids [29,64,66,68] have reached atomic or molecular resolution. Nevertheless, the adsorption of solvent molecules has been studied in neat ionic liquids with molecular resolution.…”

Section: Stm Investigation Of Adsorption Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

The Electrode/Ionic Liquid Interface: Electric Double Layer and Metal Electrodeposition

Wei

et al. 2010

ChemPhysChem

145

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The last decade has witnessed remarkable advances in interfacial electrochemistry in room‐temperature ionic liquids. Although the wide electrochemical window of ionic liquids is of primary concern in this new type of solvent for electrochemistry, the unusual bulk and interfacial properties brought about by the intrinsic strong interactions in the ionic liquid system also substantially influence the structure and processes at electrode/ionic liquid interfaces. Theoretical modeling and experimental characterizations have been indispensable in reaching a microscopic understanding of electrode/ionic liquid interfaces and in elucidating the physics behind new phenomena in ionic liquids. This Minireview describes the status of some aspects of interfacial electrochemistry in ionic liquids. Emphasis is placed on high‐resolution and molecular‐level characterization by scanning tunneling microscopy and vibrational spectroscopies of interfacial structures, and the initial stage of metal electrodeposition with application in surface nanostructuring.

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2D phase transition of PF6 adlayers at the electrified ionic liquid/Au(111) interface

Cited by 105 publications

References 27 publications

Near surface properties of mixtures of propylammonium nitrate with n-alkanols 1. Nanostructure

Near surface properties of mixtures of propylammonium nitrate with n-alkanols 1. Nanostructure

Computer simulations of ionic liquids at electrochemical interfaces

The Electrode/Ionic Liquid Interface: Electric Double Layer and Metal Electrodeposition

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