2D microwave tomography system for imaging of multiphase flows in metal pipes

Mallach, Malte; Gebhardt, Patrik; Musch, Thomas

doi:10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2016.04.002

Cited by 29 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…In this study, we considered a rectangular waveguide design for the RF nodes operating at 2.4 GHz and TE 10 mode. To apply a scalar model for the RTI problem, it was assumed that under the TE 10 mode, an incident wave is polarized along the z -axis where

, which signifies that

and

are equal to zero [ 48 ]. The width of the sensor node,

, was modelled and calibrated through Equation (17) [ 48 ].…”

Section: Finite Element Modelling Of Rti Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To apply a scalar model for the RTI problem, it was assumed that under the TE 10 mode, an incident wave is polarized along the z -axis where

, which signifies that

and

are equal to zero [ 48 ]. The width of the sensor node,

, was modelled and calibrated through Equation (17) [ 48 ].

where

is the cut-off frequency depending on the width of the waveguide,

.…”

Section: Finite Element Modelling Of Rti Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…From the local linearization, 190 sensitivity maps, also known as the Jacobian matrix,

, were computed from the electric field strength distribution,

. One element,

, of this matrix defines the electric field,

, and changes at a measurement area due to a slight perturbation in the dielectric properties of one element,

, of the model [ 48 ]. This is stated as in Equation (19).…”

Section: Solving Forward Problemmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

A New Method of Rice Moisture Content Determination Using Voxel Weighting-Based from Radio Tomography Images

Ramli

Rahiman

Kamarudin

et al. 2021

Sensors

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This manuscript presents a new method to monitor and localize the moisture distribution in a rice silo based on tomography images. Because the rice grain is naturally hygroscopic, the stored grains’ quality depends on their level of moisture content. Higher moisture content leads to fibre degradation, making the grains too frail and possibly milled. If the moisture is too low, the grains become brittle and are susceptible to higher breakage. At present, the single-point measurement method is unreliable because the moisture build-up inside the silo might be distributed unevenly. In addition, this method mostly applies gravimetric analysis, which is destructive. Thus, we proposed a radio tomographic imaging (RTI) system to address these problems. Four simulated phantom profiles at different percentages of moisture content were reconstructed using Newton’s One-Step Error Reconstruction and Tikhonov Regularization algorithms. This simulation study utilized the relationship between the maximum voxel weighting of the reconstructed RTI image and the percentage of moisture content. The outcomes demonstrated promising results, in which the weighting voxel linearly increased with the percentage of moisture content, with a correlation coefficient higher than 0.95 was obtained. Therefore, the results support the possibility of using the RTI approach for monitoring and localizing the moisture distribution inside the rice silo.

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, which signifies that

and

are equal to zero [ 48 ]. The width of the sensor node,

, was modelled and calibrated through Equation (17) [ 48 ].…”

Section: Finite Element Modelling Of Rti Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To apply a scalar model for the RTI problem, it was assumed that under the TE 10 mode, an incident wave is polarized along the z -axis where

, which signifies that

and

are equal to zero [ 48 ]. The width of the sensor node,

, was modelled and calibrated through Equation (17) [ 48 ].

where

is the cut-off frequency depending on the width of the waveguide,

.…”

Section: Finite Element Modelling Of Rti Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…From the local linearization, 190 sensitivity maps, also known as the Jacobian matrix,

, were computed from the electric field strength distribution,

. One element,

, of this matrix defines the electric field,

, and changes at a measurement area due to a slight perturbation in the dielectric properties of one element,

, of the model [ 48 ]. This is stated as in Equation (19).…”

Section: Solving Forward Problemmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

A New Method of Rice Moisture Content Determination Using Voxel Weighting-Based from Radio Tomography Images

Ramli

Rahiman

Kamarudin

et al. 2021

Sensors

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The microwave tomography technology is not widely used for multi-phase flow measurements due to the image reconstruction algorithm, as this is too slow for real-time imaging of the dynamic behavior of the multi-phase flow [103]. An experimental MWT system is presented in [104], where an 8-port sensor is designed for oil-gas-water flows. The image construction is not yet accurate enough to be implemented for industrial and commercial application, as the image quality and hereby meter accuracy decreases with increasing frequency.…”

Section: Multi-phase Flow Meteringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-Phase Flow Metering in Offshore Oil and Gas Transportation Pipelines: Trends and Perspectives

Hansen

Pedersen

Durdevic

2019

Sensors

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Multi-phase flow meters are of huge importance to the offshore oil and gas industry. Unreliable measurements can lead to many disadvantages and even wrong decision-making. It is especially important for mature reservoirs as the gas volume fraction and water cut is increasing during the lifetime of a well. Hence, it is essential to accurately monitor the multi-phase flow of oil, water and gas inside the transportation pipelines. The objective of this review paper is to present the current trends and technologies within multi-phase flow measurements and to introduce the most promising methods based on parameters such as accuracy, footprint, safety, maintenance and calibration. Typical meters, such as tomography, gamma densitometry and virtual flow meters are described and compared based on their performance with respect to multi-phase flow measurements. Both experimental prototypes and commercial solutions are presented and evaluated. For a non-intrusive, non-invasive and inexpensive meter solution, this review paper predicts a progress for virtual flow meters in the near future. The application of multi-phase flows meters are expected to further expand in the future as fields are maturing, thus, efficient utilization of existing fields are in focus, to decide if a field is still financially profitable.

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“…These quantitative imaging techniques are also known as "inverse scattering methods". The microwave tomography technique can be applied for imaging of multiphase flows, e.g., in oil-gas-water flows in metal pipes [131,132], measurement of moisture distribution [133] or for measurement of density or material composition as well as detection of defects in materials [134]. Further information about these tomographic techniques and potential applications can be found in Ref.…”

Section: Electrical Process Tomographymentioning

confidence: 99%

Overview of Electric Field Applications in Energy and Process Engineering

Zigan

2018

Energies

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Heat and mass transfer as well as chemical reactions in technical processes can be enhanced by using electric fields. This paper provides an overview of current fundamental and applied research as well as potential technical applications of electric fields in energy and process engineering. This includes electrosprays, technical combustors as well as electrochemical reforming and plasma gasification of waste or biomass. Other emerging fields are plasma technologies for treatment of water, surfaces and gases including flue gases. In particle or aerosol-laden flows, plasmas are used to promote particle nucleation and surface growth for controlled nanomaterial synthesis. Furthermore, non-invasive diagnostics based on electromagnetic fields and electric fluid properties are relevant techniques for online control and optimization of technical processes. Finally, an overview of laser-based techniques is provided for studying electro-hydrodynamic effects, temperature, and species concentrations in plasma and electric-field enhanced processes.

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2D microwave tomography system for imaging of multiphase flows in metal pipes

Cited by 29 publications

References 10 publications

A New Method of Rice Moisture Content Determination Using Voxel Weighting-Based from Radio Tomography Images

A New Method of Rice Moisture Content Determination Using Voxel Weighting-Based from Radio Tomography Images

Multi-Phase Flow Metering in Offshore Oil and Gas Transportation Pipelines: Trends and Perspectives

Overview of Electric Field Applications in Energy and Process Engineering

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