2D Metal–organic framework derived Co/CoSe₂ heterojunctions with interfacial electron redistribution as bifunctional electrocatalysts for urea-assisted rechargeable Zn–air batteries

Abstract

The development of oxygen electrode reactions based on earth-abundant nonprecious materials is critically important for the substantial advancement of rechargeable Zn-air batteries (ZABs). Herein, a superb bifunctional electrocatalyst composed of...

Electrocatalytic urea oxidation: advances in mechanistic insights, nanocatalyst design, and applications

“…For ZABs, the role of the UOR is also to take the place of the OER, which shortens the voltage gap during battery charging and discharging, thereby enhancing the reversibility of the battery. 38 Owing to urea being more convenient to store and transport, the use of the UOR instead of the hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR) in DUFCs can save hydrogen energy and provide electrical energy. 148 UE has been introduced in the second section, so several other energy conversion devices are discussed in this section.…”

“…6,24,35,36 In ZABs, the voltage gap during charging and discharging can be decreased by replacing the OER with UOR, thus enhancing the energy conversion efficiency between chemical energy and electrical energy. [37][38][39] In addition, urea with rich sources and high security can participate in oxidation reactions of fuel cells, which will contribute to the development of renewable energy, sewage treatment, and environmental issues. 10,40,41 It's worth noting that urea can be gradually consumed during the operation of these electrochemical devices.…”

Bio-Assisted Atomically Dispersed Fe–N–C Electrocatalyst with Ultra-Low Fe Loading toward pH-Universal Oxygen Reduction Reaction and Neutral Zn-Air Battery

“…7 Consequently, the exploitation of optimal and effective ORR electrocatalysts is a current priority. The Zn-air battery (ZAB), as a highly 4 electron (e − ) pathway ORR-dependent energy storage and conversion device, offers a promising alternative to the traditional lithium-ion battery, 8,9 with a higher energy density (1086 W h kg −1 ), lower cost, and superior safety. 10,11 However, the utilization of strong alkaline electrolytes in ZABs is incompatible with the current wearable electronic devices as it can lead to insoluble carbonates and reduce energy density due to CO 2 poisoning.…”

“…Consequently, the exploitation of optimal and effective ORR electrocatalysts is a current priority. The Zn-air battery (ZAB), as a highly 4 electron ( e – ) pathway ORR-dependent energy storage and conversion device, offers a promising alternative to the traditional lithium-ion battery, , with a higher energy density (1086 W h kg –1 ), lower cost, and superior safety. , However, the utilization of strong alkaline electrolytes in ZABs is incompatible with the current wearable electronic devices as it can lead to insoluble carbonates and reduce energy density due to CO 2 poisoning. , To address these issues, recent efforts have explored that near-neutral electrolyte conditions can inhibit zinc dendrites and carbonate situations. , As a result, there is increasing interest in the potential development of neutral electrolyte ZABs, offering a broad prospect for the future of energy storage technology.…”

Solid-state self-catalyzed growth of N-doped carbon tentacles on an M(Fe, Co)Se surface for rechargeable Zn–air batteries

“…4,5 Among these, selenides with selenium to make metal atoms electrophilic and enhance hydroxyl affinity have been regarded promising owing to their superior electrocatalytic properties and environmental friendliness. 12 Nevertheless, the deposited metal compounds may detach from the carbon matrices during electrochemical operations, remaining a challenge for excellent stability. 10,13 To address this, various nanostructured carbon materials, such as nanotubes, 14 nanoboxes, 15 and others, 16 have been developed to accommodate highly active sites and facilitate mass transfer.…”