“…The materials with large third order optical nonlinearity and fast response time are the best choice for future optical switch and fiber optic communications. Gold nanoparticle embedded in Alumina [32], polymerdispersed liquid crystals [33], stable polymeric materials like azobenzene [34], Sodium vapour [35], polydiactylenes (a highly conjugated polymer with very large optical nonlinearities), pure silica (SiO 2 ) glass, carbon disulphide (CS 2 ), BaTiO 3 etc. can be used as the nonlinear material in the optical switch The response time of OPNLM switch is much higher than the fastest electronic switch.…”