2D framework materials for energy applications

Abstract

In recent years the 2D concept has been transferred from conventional 2D materials to porous 2D framework materials. This minireview takes a closer look onto the preparation of 2D framework materials and their merits for energy applications.

Advances in porous organic polymers: syntheses, structures, and diverse applications

“…COFs are important emerging materials having potential applications in a wide range of fields, including optics, gas capture, lithium-sulfur batteries, electrocatalysis, metal adsorption, light harvesting, and sensing; they are easy to prepare with high surface areas and total pore volumes, moderate physical and chemical properties, and homogeneous micropores. [85][86][87][88][89][90][91][92] COFs have been formed with 2D and 3D network structures comprising backbones containing carbon (C) and hydrogen (H) atoms as well as other elements, including oxygen (O), boron (B), sulfur (S), and nitrogen (N) atoms. Various topologies of 2D and 3D COFs can be induced by varying the geometries and dimensions of their building blocks (Figure 5).…”

Mass Transfer in Boronate Ester 2D COF Single Crystals

“…[ 6–8 ] On the other hand, there exist inherently porous planar nanomaterials, including 2D covalent organic frameworks (COFs) and 2D polymers (2D COFs in monolayer form), that represent ordered fishing net‐like structures with monodisperse openings located next to one another. [ 9 ] The pore dimensions in the 2D COFs can be easily tailored via changing their building blocks as well as by adopting different packing configurations. Hence, chemical synthesis offers an intriguing opportunity to construct ultimately thin membranes instead of destructing ones.…”

Dual‐Ion Intercalation and High Volumetric Capacitance in a Two‐Dimensional Non‐Porous Coordination Polymer

“…The emerging class of 2D coordination polymers (CPs) meet these difficult criteria, and additionally offer tremendous compositional diversity by accommodating abundant metal ions and organic linkers in π‐d conjugated 2D layers [26–33] . The distinction between non‐porous CPs and porous CPs, also known as MOFs, is important here: the latter have seen greater interest in the context of ECs because they naturally exhibit higher SSA, [34–38] while non‐porous CPs have largely been overlooked in this sense. Here, we show that Ni 3 (benzenehexathiol) (Ni 3 BHT), a non‐porous two‐2D CP that was recently shown to intercalate Li + , [39] reversibly intercalates not just cations, but also anions, thereby qualifying as a rare dual‐ion intercalation electrode material.…”