2D cellular automaton simulation of the recrystallization texture of an IF sheet steel under consideration of Zener pinning

Raabe, Dierk; Hantcherli, L.

doi:10.1016/j.commatsci.2004.12.067

Cited by 118 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Space is discretised into equally sized cells (voxels) and each is characterized by values defining its internal state. The system then evolves in discrete time steps according to a set of rules whose output is a function of the states of each cell and its neighbours (25)(26)(27). Thus CA simulates the evolution of complicated systems on the basis of the elementary dynamics of the interacting cells following simple generic transition rules (28).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling Microstructure Evolution of Ni Cermet Using a Cellular Automaton Approach

Wang

Atkinson

2014

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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The degradation of SOFC electrodes is often determined by their microstructure changes. It is desirable that the microstructure evolution of electrodes in service can be simulated in 3-D for real materials so that the changes in their electrochemical performance can be predicted.This involves changes in important parameters such as: electronic and ionic conductivities; TPB (triple phase boundary) density and connectivity; and tortuosity of condensed phases and porosity. In this contribution a new cellular automaton (CA) approach to simulating complex microstructure evolution is presented, which is based on free energy reduction by using an interface imbalanced interaction model. The approach is validated first in 2-D examples to reproduce wetting between two solids and grain boundary grooving, which shows the new approach is fully consistent with classical theories. The approach is then applied to simulation of the evolution of a real 3 dimensional microstructure of a Ni-YSZ cermet fuel cell anode. The modelling results show that the microstructure evolution is sensitive to the wettability of Ni on YSZ and that a good wettability is helpful in maintaining a slower coarsening rate and smaller reduction of electrode performance.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling Microstructure Evolution of Ni Cermet Using a Cellular Automaton Approach

Wang

Atkinson

2014

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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“…Impurity effects on grain boundary migration is discussed in the review paper [47] and also in [6,13]. Modeling of the influence on grain boundary migration kinetics from particle drag forces is discussed in the review paper [48] and in conjunction with Monte Carlo Potts modeling in [49], with cellular automata in [50] and using phase field formalism in [51][52][53][54].…”

Section: Classical Results and Empirical Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, Zener pinning is studied in [50], irregular cellular automata is used in simulation of dynamic recrystallization in [100] and recrystallization during hot rolling is modeled in [46]. Many additional examples exist.…”

Section: Grain Bmentioning

confidence: 99%

Approaches to Modeling of Recrystallization

Hallberg

2011

Metals

153

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Control of the material microstructure in terms of the grain size is a key component in tailoring material properties of metals and alloys and in creating functionally graded materials. To exert this control, reliable and efficient modeling and simulation of the recrystallization process whereby the grain size evolves is vital. The present contribution is a review paper, summarizing the current status of various approaches to modeling grain refinement due to recrystallization. The underlying mechanisms of recrystallization are briefly recollected and different simulation methods are discussed. Analytical and empirical models, continuum mechanical models and discrete methods as well as phase field, vertex and level set models of recrystallization will be considered. Such numerical methods have been reviewed previously, but with the present focus on recrystallization modeling and with a rapidly increasing amount of related publications, an updated review is called for. Advantages and disadvantages of the different methods are discussed in terms of applicability, underlying assumptions, physical relevance, implementation issues and computational efficiency.

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“…Obtain a random number ξ ∈ [0, 1] Distribute grain nuclei according to the probability condition (12) for each cell · Calculate the local boundary radius r from (10) · Calculate the local grain boundary energy γ from (8) · Calculate the driving pressure P from (7) · Calculate the local boundary velocity v local according to (4) · Calculate a random number ξ ∈ [0, 1] · Calculate the new cell state according to the probability switch (13) · Calculate the updated dislocation density ρ according to (14) end for end if…”

Section: Cellular Automaton Formulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cellular automata modeling of -primarily static -recrystallization has been studied by several authors, e.g. [7,8,9,10,11,12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulation of discontinuous dynamic recrystallization in pure Cu using a probabilistic cellular automaton

Hallberg

Wallin

Ristinmaa

2010

Computational Materials Science

112

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A cellular automaton algorithm with probabilistic cell switches is employed in the simulation of dynamic discontinuous recrystallization. Recrystallization kinetics are formulated on a microlevel where, once nucleated, new grains grow under the driving pressure available from the competing processes of stored energy minimization and boundary energy reduction. Simulations of the microstructural changes in pure Cu under hot compression are performed where the influence of different thermal conditions are studied. The model is shown to capture both the microstructural evolution in terms of grain size and grain shape changes and also the macroscopic flow stress behavior of the material. The latter gives the expected transition from single-to multiple-peak serrated flow with increasing temperature. Further, the effects on macroscopic flow stress by varying the initial grain size is analyzed and the model is found to replicate the shift towards more serrated flow as the initial grain size is reduced. Conversely, the flow stress is stabilized by larger initial grain sizes. The extent of recrystallization as obtained from simulations are compared to classical JMAK theory and proper agreement with theory is established. In addition, by tracing the strain state during the simulations, a post-processing step is devised to obtain the macroscopic deformation of the cellular automaton domain, giving the expected deformation of the equiaxed recrystallized grains due to the macroscopic compression.

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2D cellular automaton simulation of the recrystallization texture of an IF sheet steel under consideration of Zener pinning

Cited by 118 publications

References 32 publications

Modeling Microstructure Evolution of Ni Cermet Using a Cellular Automaton Approach

Modeling Microstructure Evolution of Ni Cermet Using a Cellular Automaton Approach

Approaches to Modeling of Recrystallization

Simulation of discontinuous dynamic recrystallization in pure Cu using a probabilistic cellular automaton

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