2D and 3D Immobilization of Carbon Nanomaterials into PEDOT via Electropolymerization of a Functional Bis-EDOT Monomer

Abstract

Carbon nanomaterials (CNMs) and conjugated polymers (CPs) are actively investigated in applications such as optics, catalysis, solar cells, and tissue engineering. Generally, CNMs are implemented in devices where the relationship between the active elements and the micro and nanostructure has a crucial role. However, they present some limitations related to solubility, processibility and release or degradability that affect their manufacturing. CPs, such as poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) or derivatives can hide this limitation by electrodeposition onto an electrode. In this work we have explored two different CNMs immobilization methods in 2D and 3D structures. First, CNM/CP hybrid 2D films with enhanced electrochemical properties have been developed using bis-malonyl PEDOT and fullerene C60. The resulting 2D films nanoparticulate present novel electrochromic properties. Secondly, 3D porous self-standing scaffolds were prepared, containing carbon nanotubes and PEDOT by using the same bis-EDOT co-monomer, which show porosity and topography dependence on the composition. This article shows the validity of electropolymerization to obtain 2D and 3D materials including different carbon nanomaterials and conductive polymers.

Electrodeposition of PEDOT:ClO4 on non-noble tungsten microwire for nerve and brain recordings

“…2A shows an increase of the current for each cycle of the deposition, therefore confirming the successful deposition of electroactive material. 24 The process of electropolymerization of conjugated polymers involves (1) the formation of oligomers in solution, (2) the deposition, which includes nucleation, growth, and (3) the coupling under solid-state conditions. 25 The nature of the nucleation is associated with the metal surface of the electrode and can be evaluated by the so-called nucleation loop, which was first described by Pletcher during the electrodeposition of pyrrole.…”

“…2A shows an increase of the current for each cycle of the deposition, therefore confirming the successful deposition of electroactive material. 24…”

Micropatterned Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) Thin Films with Improved Color-Switching Rates and Coloration Efficiency

“…Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) is a well-known conducting polymer [ 4 ]. PEDOT derivatives electrodeposited from various functionalized 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophenes exhibit the possibility for multiple and a wide variety of color changes [ 5 , 6 , 7 ]. Their applications in many areas, such as energy conversion and storage devices [ 8 ], sensors [ 9 ], and displays [ 10 ], have been extensively explored.…”

One-Step Electropolymerization of Azure A and Carbon Nanomaterials for DNA-Sensor Assembling and Doxorubicin Biosensing

“…Such combinations adduced to sensitivity and electrocatalytic activity enhance appropriate biosensor devices. All spectrum of carbon nanomaterials can be used in this approach [28][29][30], including composites with redox-active [31] and electroconductive [32] materials. Carbon nanomaterials improve the electroconductivity and mechanical strength of the resulting composite material by including the electropolymerization process in 3D nanostructures with large surface area, unique geometry, and electrical characteristics.…”