“…Finger length ratio is a predictor of disease predisposition (Manning & Bundred, 2000), and was found to be associated with age-related parameters such as bone mineral density (Arazi, Eghbali, Saeedi, & Moghadam, 2016) and skeletal biomarkers of biological aging (Kalichman, Batsevich, & Kobyliansky, 2017b). A low ratio, 2D < 4D, or more androgenized, finger length ratio/pattern (type 3) was significantly associated with osteoarthritis (de Kruijf et al, 2014;Ferraro, Wilder, & Leaverton, 2010;Hussain et al, 2014;Kalichman, Batsevich, & Kobyliansky, 2017a;Sigurjonsdottir et al, 2013;Zhang et al, 2008). Sigurjonsdottir et al (Sigurjonsdottir et al, 2013) found that the type 3 finger ratio was associated with total knee, but not with a total hip replacement.…”