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Abstract

Turbot (Scophthalmus maximus, Turbot) is a European flounder species, characterized by the absence of scales on the epidermis and the presence of small protuberances. Its capacity to be cultured effectively in fish farms at high densities makes it appealing in the aquaculture industry specifically in the UK, France and Spain. In recent years, development of a new strain by managing genetic resources is being intensively studied in Korea. It is a necessity in aquaculture to check the genetic diversity of a certain species in order to propagate better performing generations of its species. Microsatellite refers to 2-4 nucleotide repeats throughout genome with highly diverse repeat numbers, allowing of which to be used as biological marker for population identification and evaluation of genetic diversity. Population genetic analysis was carried out through the basis of 36 alleles which are different among the groups, presented by eleven markers that could be used in differentiating the genetic platforms of farmed turbot populations from Korea, France, and Turkey. The results obtained can be used in developing markers that are beneficial in identifying superior traits which in turn can be helpful in securing genetic diversity. In conclusion, this study identified genetic differences between farmed turbots in France and Turkey against the S. Korea. Based on the results, it can be implied that the genetic pool is capable of being expanded, and thereby maintenance of genetic diversity and improvement of excellent traits would be possible.

Genetic diversity and morphological characterisation of three turbot (Scophthalmus maximus L., 1758) populations along the Bulgarian Black Sea coast

“…The studies of the turbot populations, characterised by genetic diversity parameters (PIC and I), indicate that these values were high for six of the loci analysed (PIC and I higher than 0.6 and 1.3, respectively) indicating, thereby, high genetic diversity (Froufe et al 2004;Fopp-Bayat 2010) (Table 3). The PIC values from each loci varies between populations analysed (0.622-0.825) and were comparable with the data for turbot population from the Black Sea (0.713-0.853) (Firidin et al 2020) and from Turkey, France and South Korea (PIC 0.3-0.9) (Han et al 2018) indicating the random loci were under independent selection pressure and seem to be ideal to be used as a divergence index. For detection of the bottleneck events, the Garza-Williamson index (M) was successfully employed.…”

“…Departures from HWE at other loci may be the result of founder and/or bottleneck effects followed by a high rate of inbreeding (Kaczmarczyk and Wolnicki 2016). A marker with a low Fis value will show the genetic diversity of a group more accurately, which means that this specific marker has a high discrimination power (Han et al 2018). The positive and high value for Fis for the three populations was recovered for Smax-02 locus, based on the small number of the recorded alleles (Table 3) and indicates heterozygote deficiency that could be caused by inbreeding, presence of null alleles and admixture of distinct populations (Guo et al 2013).…”

Sperm characteristics of wild‐caught and hatchery‐reared turbot, Scophthalmus maximus , originated from the Black Sea

“…The turbot, Scophthalmus maximus (Syn: Psetta maxima) is a demersal flatfish in the family of Scophthalmidae. Turbot are found throughout the coastal waters of the Atlantic Ocean, the Baltic Sea, the Mediterranean Sea, and the Black Sea, showing a high genetic variability throughout its wide distribution range (Firidin et al, 2020;Han et al, 2017;Prado et al, 2018;Song et al, 2018). Turbot population in the Black Sea was long recognized as a distinct species under different generic names and sometimes treated as a subspecies (Bailly & Chanet, 2010;Giragosov & Khanaychenko, 2012).…”