29Si solid state NMR investigation of pozzolanic reaction occurring in lime-treated Ca-bentonite

Stabilization of heavy metals in MSWI fly ash using silica fume

“…The resonance lines at -84.1 and -87.4 ppm due to the non-bridging tetrahedra Q 2 were very weak. A broad peak of Q 4 type at -100.1 $ -108.9 ppm was due to crystalline quartz and poorly ordered silicate minerals (Ubbrìaco and Calabrese, 1998;Pomakhina et al, 2012). In the spectrum of the P1 paste, the resonance lines at -79.6 and -84.5 ppm due to chain-end tetrahedra Q 1 and non-bridging tetrahedra Q 2 of the C-S-H were much stronger, while a broad Q 0 component at -71.9 ppm decreased significantly, compared with fly ash.…”

Pozzolanic reactivity of a calcined interstratified illite/smectite (70/30) clay

“…Moreover, while the physical and chemical properties of metakaolin in mortars and concrete have been the subject for a large number of studies [11,12] (and references therein), the potential of interstratified 2:1 clays has not been fully explored. Several studies have examined illite [13], smectite [14][15][16], and a set of clays including mixtures of these 2:1 clays [9,10,[17][18][19][20] but only a handful of studies have focused specifically on 'interstratified' illite/smectite clays [21][22][23].…”

Influence of hydrated lime on the surface properties and interaction of kaolinite particles

“…On the other hand, re-using these materials after stabilization is vital to minimize the cost and environmental impact of construction works. The stabilization of the problematic soils is commonly achieved by mixing them with water and lime or Portland cement and has been thoroughly studied for a long time (Diamond and Kinter, 1965;Choquette et al, 1987;Locat et al, 1990;Verhasselt, 1990;Bell, 1996;Al-Mukhtar et al, 2010;Kavak and Baykal, 2012;Pomakhina et al, 2012;Eisazadeh et al, 2012).…”