Abstract:Gracilariaceae has a worldwide distribution including numerous economically important species. We applied high-throughput sequencing to obtain organellar genomes (mitochondria and chloroplast) from 10 species of Gracilariaceae and, combined with published genomes, to infer phylogenies and compare genome architecture among species representing main lineages. We obtained similar topologies between chloroplast and mitochondrial genomes phylogenies. However, the chloroplast phylogeny was better resolved with full … Show more
“…, Iha et al. ). Gracilaria caudata is a haploid‐diploid intertidal rocky shore species characterized by forming dense beds.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Recent molecular-based analyses revealed the occurrence of numerous cryptic species in this group (Cohen et al 2004, Guillemin et al 2008, Destombe et al 2010, Lyra et al 2016. The difficulty in distinguishing species also explains the current debate about the classification of the PHYLOGEOGRAPHY OF GRACILARIA CAUDATA Gracilariales (see Gurgel et al 2018, Iha et al 2018 Santos et al (2006), Arruda et al (2013), Mill et al (2015 and Peluso et al (2018). Dotted and shaded areas indicate terrestrial coastal refugia and their boundaries, redrawn from the most historically stable Atlantic forest areas proposed in Carnaval and Moritz (2008).…”
In this study, we explored how past terrestrial and marine climate changes have interacted to shape the phylogeographic patterns of the intertidal red seaweed Gracilaria caudata, an economically important species exploited for agar production in the Brazilian north‐east. Seven sites were sampled along the north‐east tropical and south‐east sub‐tropical Brazilian coast. The genetic diversity and structure of G. caudata was inferred using a combination of mitochondrial (COI and cox2‐3), chloroplast (rbcL) and 15 nuclear microsatellite markers. A remarkable congruence between nuclear, mitochondrial and chloroplast data revealed clear separation between the north‐east (from 03° S to 08° S) and the south‐east (from 20° S to 23° S) coast of Brazil. These two clades differ in their demographic histories, with signatures of recent demographic expansions in the north‐east and divergent populations in the south‐east, suggesting the maintenance of several refugia during the last glacial maximum due to sea‐level rise and fall. The Bahia region (around 12° S) occupies an intermediate position between both clades. Microsatellites and mtDNA markers showed additional levels of genetic structure within each sampled site located south of Bahia. The separation between the two main groups in G. caudata is likely recent, probably occurring during the Quaternary glacial cycles. The genetic breaks are concordant with (i) those separating terrestrial refugia, (ii) major river outflows and (iii) frontiers between tropical and subtropical regions. Taken together with previously published eco‐physiological studies that showed differences in the physiological performance of the strains from distinct locations, these results suggest that the divergent clades in G. caudata correspond to distinct ecotypes in the process of incipient speciation and thus should be considered for the management policy of this commercially important species.
“…, Iha et al. ). Gracilaria caudata is a haploid‐diploid intertidal rocky shore species characterized by forming dense beds.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Recent molecular-based analyses revealed the occurrence of numerous cryptic species in this group (Cohen et al 2004, Guillemin et al 2008, Destombe et al 2010, Lyra et al 2016. The difficulty in distinguishing species also explains the current debate about the classification of the PHYLOGEOGRAPHY OF GRACILARIA CAUDATA Gracilariales (see Gurgel et al 2018, Iha et al 2018 Santos et al (2006), Arruda et al (2013), Mill et al (2015 and Peluso et al (2018). Dotted and shaded areas indicate terrestrial coastal refugia and their boundaries, redrawn from the most historically stable Atlantic forest areas proposed in Carnaval and Moritz (2008).…”
In this study, we explored how past terrestrial and marine climate changes have interacted to shape the phylogeographic patterns of the intertidal red seaweed Gracilaria caudata, an economically important species exploited for agar production in the Brazilian north‐east. Seven sites were sampled along the north‐east tropical and south‐east sub‐tropical Brazilian coast. The genetic diversity and structure of G. caudata was inferred using a combination of mitochondrial (COI and cox2‐3), chloroplast (rbcL) and 15 nuclear microsatellite markers. A remarkable congruence between nuclear, mitochondrial and chloroplast data revealed clear separation between the north‐east (from 03° S to 08° S) and the south‐east (from 20° S to 23° S) coast of Brazil. These two clades differ in their demographic histories, with signatures of recent demographic expansions in the north‐east and divergent populations in the south‐east, suggesting the maintenance of several refugia during the last glacial maximum due to sea‐level rise and fall. The Bahia region (around 12° S) occupies an intermediate position between both clades. Microsatellites and mtDNA markers showed additional levels of genetic structure within each sampled site located south of Bahia. The separation between the two main groups in G. caudata is likely recent, probably occurring during the Quaternary glacial cycles. The genetic breaks are concordant with (i) those separating terrestrial refugia, (ii) major river outflows and (iii) frontiers between tropical and subtropical regions. Taken together with previously published eco‐physiological studies that showed differences in the physiological performance of the strains from distinct locations, these results suggest that the divergent clades in G. caudata correspond to distinct ecotypes in the process of incipient speciation and thus should be considered for the management policy of this commercially important species.
“…2016b, Ng et al. , the Iha et al ). Originally, plasmids were defined as extrachromosomal genetic elements containing backbone (i.e., plasmid function) and accessory (i.e., beneficial to the host) genes.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Interestingly, the PDS regions are present in all reported organellar genomes in the Gracilariaceae. Iha et al (2018) summarized these organellar PDS in the Gracilariaceae with the addition of nine plastid and 10 mitochondrial genomes from 10 species (Gracilaria caudata, G. ferox, G. gracilis, G. rangiferina, G. tenuistipitata, G. vermiculophylla, Gracilariopsis longissima, Gp. mclachlanii, Gp.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…What is the role of PDS insertions? The possible role of plasmids as mediators of HGTs is intriguing because the plasmid sequences frequently deliver foreign genetic material to their host genome (Janou skovec et al 2013, Ruck et al 2014, Lee et al 2016b, Ng et al 2017, the Iha et al 2018. Originally, plasmids were defined as extrachromosomal genetic elements containing backbone (i.e., plasmid function) and accessory (i.e., beneficial to the host) genes.…”
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