Affective versus non-affective first episode psychoses: A longitudinal study

Torrent, Carla; Reinares, María; Martínez‐Arán, Anabel; Cabrera, Bibiana; Amoretti, Sílvia; Corripio, Iluminada; Contreras, Fernando Hernández; Sarró, Salvador; González‐Pinto, Ana; Lobo, Antonio; Cuesta, Manuel J.; Sánchez‐Torres, Ana M.; Bergé, Daniel; Castro‐Fornieles, Josefina; Moreno, Carmen; Bernardo, Miquel; Vieta, Eduard

doi:10.1016/j.jad.2018.06.005

Cited by 31 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…The current findings are in line with recent meta‐analyses performed on longitudinal neuropsychological performances in BD claiming that there is no evidence for a deterioration in BD patients as a group (averaging over all the stages of the condition) . Further, these meta‐analyses were comprised mostly by studies conducted on middle‐life patients, and studies in recent‐onset BD patients have been published since then . Similarly to Bora et al, we found that there is even evidence suggesting an improvement in neuropsychological performance in individual domains.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…A total of eight studies met inclusion criteria for the recent‐onset meta‐analysis (Figure .) . Of those, 6 were included in the analysis of patient‐controls differences in longitudinal neuropsychological performance .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Only phonological fluency performance was reported by three or more studies and thus included in our individual task meta‐analysis. Most of the included studies evaluated neuropsychological functioning after one‐year of follow‐up, except for Bombin et al, Lera‐Miguel et al and Torrent et al that re‐evaluated patients after a two‐year follow‐up period. Finally, samples were comprised mostly by patients included immediately after their first manic or mixed episode, except for Lera‐Miguel et al and Smucny et al that included patients within two years of their diagnosis of BD type I or II.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…23,24 Nonetheless, it remains plausible that deterioration in neurocognitive performance might occur in very early or late stages of the course of this disease, and meta-analyses conducted on middle-life patients (or averaging over patients across all stages) were unable to detect these processes. Recently, a number of longitudinal studies conducted on recent-onset BD [25][26][27] and late-life BD 22,28 have been published. Most of these studies concur in reporting stability in longitudinal neurocognitive performance among BD patients during the follow-up period.…”

Section: Szmulewicz Et Almentioning

confidence: 99%

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Longitudinal analysis of cognitive performances in recent‐onset and late‐life Bipolar Disorder: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

2019

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Objectives Neurocognitive deficits have been widely reported in euthymic Bipolar Disorder (BD) patients and contribute to functional disability. However, the longitudinal trajectory of these deficits remains a subject of debate. Although most research to this date shows that neurocognitive deficits tend to be stable among middle‐age BD patients, it remains plausible that deterioration occurs at either early or late stages of this condition. Methods We conducted a comprehensive meta‐analysis of studies that reported longitudinal neurocognitive performance among individuals with BD either within the year of their diagnosis or among late‐life BD patients. Pooled effects of standardized mean differences (SMDs) for changes in neuropsychological scores over follow‐up were estimated using random effects model. We also examined effect moderators, such as length of follow‐up, mood state, or pharmacological load. Results Eight studies met inclusion criteria for recent‐onset and four studies for late‐life BD analysis. No evidence for a deterioration in neurocognitive functioning was observed among recent‐onset BD patients (8 studies, 284 patients, SMD: 0.12, 95% CI −0.06 to 0.30, mean follow‐up: 17 months) nor for late‐life BD patients (4 studies, 153 patients, SMD: −0.35, 95% CI −0.84 to 0.15, mean follow‐up: 33 months). None of the moderators were shown to be significant. Conclusions These results, when appraised together with the findings in middle‐life BD patients and individuals at genetic risk for BD, suggest that neurodevelopmental factors might play a significant role in cognitive deficits in BD and do not support the notion of progressive cognitive decline in most patients with BD.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Szmulewicz Et Almentioning

confidence: 99%

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Longitudinal analysis of cognitive performances in recent‐onset and late‐life Bipolar Disorder: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

2019

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“…However, not all longitudinal studies of cognitive functioning in bipolar disorder support the notion of deteriorating cognitive functioning over the course of the disorder. Several studies have observed static cognitive deficit trajectories in the bipolar disorder (Samame et al 2014; Bora and Ozerdem 2017; Martino et al 2018), and several studies demonstrate cognitive improvements after the first manic episode (Torres et al 2014; Torrent et al 2018). It is also plausible that premorbid cognitive functioning impairments in bipolar disorder are associated with specific genetic variants (Arts et al 2013; Bryzgalov et al 2018; Flowers et al 2016) that may be associated with neural development (Tabares-Seisdedos et al 2008) and thus may not be present in all individuals premorbidly.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive Deficits in Psychotic Disorders: A Lifespan Perspective

Karcher²,

2018

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Individuals with disorders that include psychotic symptoms (i.e. psychotic disorders) experience broad cognitive impairments in the chronic state, indicating a dimension of abnormality associated with the experience of psychosis. These impairments negatively impact functional outcome, contributing to the disabling nature of schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and psychotic depression. The robust and reliable nature of cognitive deficits has led researchers to explore the timing and profile of impairments, as this may elucidate different neurodevelopmental patterns in individuals who experience psychosis. Here, we review the literature on cognitive deficits across the life span of individuals with psychotic disorder and psychotic-like experiences, highlighting the dimensional nature of both psychosis and cognitive ability. We identify premorbid generalized cognitive impairment in schizophrenia that worsens throughout development, and stabilizes by the first-episode of psychosis, suggesting a neurodevelopmental course. Research in affective psychosis is less clear, with mixed evidence regarding premorbid deficits, but a fairly reliable generalized deficit at first-episode, which appears to worsen into the chronic state. In general, cognitive impairments are most severe in schizophrenia, intermediate in bipolar disorder, and the least severe in psychotic depression. In all groups, cognitive deficits are associated with functional outcome. Finally, while the generalized deficit is the clearest and most reliable signal, data suggests specific deficits in verbal memory across all groups, specific processing speed impairments in schizophrenia and executive functioning impairments in bipolar disorder. Cognitive deficits are a core feature of psychotic disorders that provide a window into understanding developmental course and risk for psychosis.

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Functional Connectivity in Antipsychotic-Treated and Antipsychotic-Naive Patients With First-Episode Psychosis and Low Risk of Self-harm or Aggression

et al. 2021

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Key Points Question Are there different patterns of brain connectivity in antipsychotic-treated and antipsychotic-naive patients with psychosis, and how do these patterns evolve over time? Findings In this secondary analysis of a triple-blind, longitudinal, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial in antipsychotic-naive patients, patients showed widespread brain dysconnectivity at baseline relative to healthy controls. Patients treated with therapy and placebo or with therapy and antipsychotics showed evidence of circuit-specific and treatment-specific normalization of connectivity over time. Meaning In this study, some prominent baseline connectivity differences in first-episode psychosis normalized with both psychosocial therapy and placebo early in the illness course, with antipsychotics exerting circuit-specific effects.

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Affective versus non-affective first episode psychoses: A longitudinal study

Cited by 31 publications

References 65 publications

Longitudinal analysis of cognitive performances in recent‐onset and late‐life Bipolar Disorder: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Longitudinal analysis of cognitive performances in recent‐onset and late‐life Bipolar Disorder: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Cognitive Deficits in Psychotic Disorders: A Lifespan Perspective

Functional Connectivity in Antipsychotic-Treated and Antipsychotic-Naive Patients With First-Episode Psychosis and Low Risk of Self-harm or Aggression

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