Competition of Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya and Higher-Order Exchange Interactions in 
<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>Rh</mml:mi><mml:mo>/</mml:mo><mml:mi>Fe</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:math>
 Atomic Bilayers on Ir(111)

We report the direct observation of a theoretically predicted magnetic ground state in a monolayer Fe on Rh(111), which is referred to as an up-up-down-down (↑↑↓↓) double-row-wise antiferromagnetic spin structure, using spin-polarized scanning tunneling microscopy. This exotic phase, which exists in three orientational domains, is revealed by experiments with magnetic probe tips performed in external magnetic fields. It is shown that a hitherto unconsidered four-spin-three-site beyond-Heisenberg interaction distinctly contributes to the spin coupling of atoms with S≥1 spins. The observation of the ↑↑↓↓ order substantiates the presence of higher-order, in particular, three-site interactions, in thin magnetic films of itinerant magnets.

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“…Note added in proof-An very similar spin structure has recently been observed for Rh/Fe bilayers on Ir(111) [27].…”

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confidence: 58%

Magnetic Ground State Stabilized by Three-Site Interactions: Fe/Rh(111)

et al. 2018

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“…Besides the Dzyaloshinsky-Moriya interaction, the presence of frustrated isotropic exchange interactions has also been demonstrated recently in several ultrathin film systems [40][41][42]. In particular, skyrmions have been observed in numerical simulations performed for a (Pt 1−x Ir x )/Fe bilayer on Pd(111) in Ref.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Formation and stability of metastable skyrmionic spin structures with various topologies in an ultrathin film

et al. 2017

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We observe metastable localized spin configurations with topological charges ranging from Q = −3 to Q = 2 in a (Pt 0.95 Ir 0.05 )/Fe bilayer on a Pd(111) surface by performing spin dynamics simulations, using a classical Hamiltonian parametrized by ab initio calculations. We demonstrate that the frustration of the isotropic exchange interactions is responsible for the creation of these various types of skyrmionic structures. The DzyaloshinskyMoriya interaction present due to the breaking of inversion symmetry at the surface energetically favors skyrmions with Q = −1, distorts the shape of the other objects, and defines a preferred orientation for them with respect to the underlying lattice.

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“…The competition between the DMI and the symmetric anisotropic exchange was recently found to explain the magnetic stability of decorated Fe trimers on the Pt(111) surface [34]. The intricate interplay of higher-order and anisotropic bilinear magnetic interactions generates various magnetic states: conical spin spirals [35] and more complex magnetic structures [31,36,37], such as an intricate nanoskyrmion lattice for a monolayer of Fe on the Ir(111) surface [38].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

The chiral biquadratic pair interaction

2019

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Magnetic interactions underpin a plethora of magnetic states of matter, hence playing a central role both in fundamental physics and for future spintronic and quantum computation devices. The Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction, D S S ij i j · ( ), being chiral and driven by relativistic effects, leads to the stabilization of highly-noncollinear spin textures such as skyrmions, which thanks to their topological nature are promising building blocks for magnetic data storage and processing elements.Here, we reveal and study a new chiral pair interaction, C S S S S ij i j i j · ( )( · ), which is the biquadratic equivalent of the DMI. First, we derive this interaction and its guiding principles from a microscopic model, and we connect the atomistic form to the micromagnetic one. Second, we study its properties in the simplest prototypical systems, magnetic 3d transition metal dimers deposited on the Pt(111), Pt(100), Ir(111), and Re(0001) surfaces, resorting to systematic first-principles calculations. Lastly, we discuss its importance and implications not only for magnetic dimers but also for extended systems, namely one-dimensional spin spirals and complex two-dimensional magnetic structures, such as a nanoskyrmion lattice found in an Fe monolayer on Ir(111).

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Competition of Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya and Higher-Order Exchange Interactions in Rh/Fe Atomic Bilayers on Ir(111)

Cited by 56 publications

References 54 publications

Magnetic Ground State Stabilized by Three-Site Interactions: Fe/Rh(111)

Magnetic Ground State Stabilized by Three-Site Interactions: Fe/Rh(111)

Formation and stability of metastable skyrmionic spin structures with various topologies in an ultrathin film

The chiral biquadratic pair interaction

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