“…Our results suggest a presynaptic mechanism for some of these drugs, which is consistent with other work done in cell culture and animal models (Bademosi et al, 2018b; Hemmings et al, 2005; Karunanithi et al, 2020; Zalucki et al, 2015). There is increasing evidence that general anesthetics may target mechanisms that influence presynaptic release efficacy, such as mitochondrial function (Morgan et al, 2002), kinesin assembly (Bensel et al, 2017; Woll et al, 2018), channel activation kinetics (Baumgart et al, 2015; Hemmings et al, 2005; Pavel et al, 2020; Zhou et al, 2019) and neurotransmission (Bademosi et al, 2018b; Karunanithi et al, 2020; Troup et al, 2019; Zalucki et al, 2015). More broadly, tracking single particle dynamics in ex vivo brains of adult Drosophila flies opens a new window into understanding the behavior of individual molecules in intact tissue, to for example help determine which mechanisms are drug-specific and which might reflect a common property of diverse drugs.…”