Efficacy of a recombinant Intimin, EspB and Shiga toxin 2B vaccine in calves experimentally challenged with Escherichia coli O157:H7

Martorelli, Luisina; Garimano, Nicolás; Fiorentino, Gabriela; Vilte, Daniel A.; Garbaccio, Sergio; Barth, Stefanie A.; Menge, Christian; Ibarra, Cristina; Palermo, Marina S.; Cataldi, Angel

doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2018.05.059

Cited by 21 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…By contrast, pre-incubation of StxB1 with lower than equimolar amounts of the antibody enhanced binding of StxB1 to the cell surface and the antibody blocked internalization only if binding occured after StxB1 had bound to its receptor [63]. Moreover, addition of Stx2B to a vaccine formulation consisting of LEE-encoded proteins did not result in a superior level of protection in terms of reduced STEC O157:H7 shedding compared to vaccination with the LEE-encoded proteins only [224]. Apparently, protection of cattle against the immunomodulatory effects of Stxs requires vaccines containing antigens derived from all subunits of the toxins without being immunomodulatory on their own.…”

Section: Options For Countermeasures To the Immunomodulatory Effects mentioning

confidence: 87%

The Role of Escherichia coli Shiga Toxins in STEC Colonization of Cattle

Menge

2020

Toxins

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Many cattle are persistently colonized with Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) and represent a major source of human infections with human-pathogenic STEC strains (syn. enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC)). Intervention strategies most effectively protecting humans best aim at the limitation of bovine STEC shedding. Mechanisms enabling STEC to persist in cattle are only partialy understood. Cattle were long believed to resist the detrimental effects of Shiga toxins (Stxs), potent cytotoxins acting as principal virulence factors in the pathogenesis of human EHEC-associated diseases. However, work by different groups, summarized in this review, has provided substantial evidence that different types of target cells for Stxs exist in cattle. Peripheral and intestinal lymphocytes express the Stx receptor globotriaosylceramide (Gb3syn. CD77) in vitro and in vivo in an activation-dependent fashion with Stx-binding isoforms expressed predominantly at early stages of the activation process. Subpopulations of colonic epithelial cells and macrophage-like cells, residing in the bovine mucosa in proximity to STEC colonies, are also targeted by Stxs. STEC-inoculated calves are depressed in mounting appropriate cellular immune responses which can be overcome by vaccination of the animals against Stxs early in life before encountering STEC. Considering Stx target cells and the resulting effects of Stxs in cattle, which significantly differ from effects implicated in human disease, may open promising opportunities to improve existing yet insufficient measures to limit STEC carriage and shedding by the principal reservoir host.

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Section: Options For Countermeasures To the Immunomodulatory Effects mentioning

confidence: 87%

The Role of Escherichia coli Shiga Toxins in STEC Colonization of Cattle

Menge

2020

Toxins

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“…Calves were challenged with an inoculum containing 10 10 CFU in 10 mL. The amount and viability of CFU were confirmed by plating on serial dilutions on Sorbitol MacConkey agar (Oxoid) containing nalidixic acid (20 µg/mL), potassium tellurite (2.5 µg/mL), and cefixime (0.05 µg/mL) (CT-SMAC-NAL) 80 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early immune innate hallmarks and microbiome changes across the gut during Escherichia coli O157: H7 infection in cattle

Larzábal

Silva

Multani

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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The zoonotic enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) O157: H7 bacterium causes diarrhea, hemorrhagic colitis, and hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) in humans. Cattle are primary reservoirs and EHEC O157: H7; the bacteria predominately inhabit the colon and recto-anal junctions (RAJ). The early innate immune reactions in the infected gut are critical in the pathogenesis of EHEC O157: H7. In this study, calves orally inoculated with EHEC O157: H7 showed infiltration of neutrophils in the lamina propria of ileum and RAJ at 7 and 14 days post-infection. Infected calves had altered mucin layer and mast cell populations across small and large intestines. There were differential transcription expressions of key bovine β defensins, tracheal antimicrobial peptide (TAP) in the ileum, and lingual antimicrobial peptide (LAP) in RAJ. The main Gram-negative bacterial/LPS signaling Toll-Like receptor 4 (TLR4) was downregulated in RAJ. Intestinal infection with EHEC O157: H7 impacted the gut bacterial communities and influenced the relative abundance of Negativibacillus and Erysipelotrichaceae in mucosa-associated bacteria in the rectum. Thus, innate immunity in the gut of calves showed unique characteristics during infection with EHEC O157: H7, which occurred in the absence of major clinical manifestations but denoted an active immunological niche.

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“…The Stx2B antibodies were efficiently transferred to the mucosa of the large and small intestine, as well as to the recto-anal junction. Both vaccines reduced O157:H7 shedding, but BLS-Stx2B addition did not confer further protection from shedding [97].…”

Section: New Treatments Against Stec Infections (Antisera and Vaccmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli Research in Latin America

et al. 2018

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Pathogenic Escherichia coli are known to be a common cause of diarrheal disease and a frequently occurring bacterial infection in children and adults in Latin America. Despite the effort to combat diarrheal infections, the south of the American continent remains a hot spot for infections and sequelae associated with the acquisition of one category of pathogenic E. coli, the Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC). This review will focus on an overview of the prevalence of different STEC serotypes in human, animals and food products, focusing on recent reports from Latin America outlining the recent research progress achieved in this region to combat disease and endemicity in affected countries and to improve understanding on emerging serotypes and their virulence factors. Furthermore, this review will highlight the progress done in vaccine development and treatment and will also discuss the effort of the Latin American investigators to respond to the thread of STEC infections by establishing a multidisciplinary network of experts that are addressing STEC-associated animal, human and environmental health issues, while trying to reduce human disease. Regardless of the significant scientific contributions to understand and combat STEC infections worldwide, many significant challenges still exist and this review has focus in the Latin American efforts as an example of what can be accomplished when multiple groups have a common goal.

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Efficacy of a recombinant Intimin, EspB and Shiga toxin 2B vaccine in calves experimentally challenged with Escherichia coli O157:H7

Cited by 21 publications

References 66 publications

The Role of Escherichia coli Shiga Toxins in STEC Colonization of Cattle

The Role of Escherichia coli Shiga Toxins in STEC Colonization of Cattle

Early immune innate hallmarks and microbiome changes across the gut during Escherichia coli O157: H7 infection in cattle

Recent Advances in Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli Research in Latin America

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