Oral Magnesium Supplementation and Metabolic Syndrome: A Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial

Rodrı́guez-Morán, Martha; Simental‐Mendía, Luis E.; Gamboa‐Gómez, Claudia I.; Guerrero‐Romero, Fernando

doi:10.1053/j.ackd.2018.02.011

Cited by 29 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…However, in subgroups with hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia, there was a lowering effect on low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglyceride levels, respectively, in this meta-analysis [124]. The effect on triglyceride concentrations was confirmed in a randomized controlled trial that was published thereafter by the same research group, which demonstrated a beneficial effect of oral magnesium supplementation on triglyceride concentrations in individuals with the metabolic syndrome [125].…”

Section: Potential Mechanisms Explaining the Role Of Magnesium In mentioning

confidence: 67%

Magnesium: A Magic Bullet for Cardiovascular Disease in Chronic Kidney Disease?

Leenders

Vervloet

2019

Nutrients

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Magnesium is essential for many physiological functions in the human body. Its homeostasis involves dietary intake, absorption, uptake and release from bone, swifts between the intra- and extracellular compartment, and renal excretion. Renal excretion is mainly responsible for regulation of magnesium balance. In chronic kidney disease (CKD), for a long time the general policy has been limiting magnesium intake. However, this may not be appropriate for many patients. The reference ranges for magnesium are not necessarily optimal concentrations, and risks for insufficient magnesium intake exist in patients with CKD. In recent years, many observational studies have shown that higher (in the high range of “normal” or slightly above) magnesium concentrations are associated with better survival in CKD cohorts. This review gives an overview of epidemiological associations between magnesium and overall and cardiovascular survival in patients with CKD. In addition, potential mechanisms explaining the protective role of magnesium in clinical cardiovascular outcomes are described by reviewing evidence from in vitro studies, animal studies, and human intervention studies with non-clinical endpoints. This includes the role of magnesium in cardiac arrhythmia, heart failure, arterial calcification, and endothelial dysfunction. Possible future implications will be addressed, which will need prospective clinical trials with relevant clinical endpoints before these can be adopted in clinical practice.

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Section: Potential Mechanisms Explaining the Role Of Magnesium In mentioning

confidence: 67%

Magnesium: A Magic Bullet for Cardiovascular Disease in Chronic Kidney Disease?

Leenders

Vervloet

2019

Nutrients

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“…Thus, it is no surprise to find recommendations of increasing the consumption of magnesium to improve health. The scientific evidence backing up that recommendation is based on various randomized clinical trials in which magnesium supplements have been shown to improve several of the parameters analyzed, including plasma lipids, glycemic control, blood pressure, metabolic syndrome, inflammatory markers and endothelial function [27][28][29][30][31][32][33], among others. However, there are also other intervention studies that have detected no such improvements [34][35][36][37].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Demographic and Lifestyle Variables on Plasma Magnesium Concentrations and Their Associations with Cardiovascular Risk Factors in a Mediterranean Population

et al. 2020

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Several studies have shown that a low magnesium (Mg) intake in the diet is associated with greater cardiovascular risk and greater risk of diabetes. However, the results are not consistent in all populations. To minimize the biases derived from diet measurement, more objective biomarkers of magnesium status have been proposed. Although there is still no ideal biomarker for Mg, several studies have shown that plasma Mg concentrations could be a relatively acceptable biomarker for cardiovascular risk assessment. However, further studies are required to better characterize this marker in different populations. Our aim was to analyze the association between plasma Mg concentrations (measured through inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS)) methods, and cardiovascular risk factors in individuals from a general Mediterranean population (aged 18–80 years). The influence of demographic and lifestyle variables, including adherence to the Mediterranean diet, on plasma Mg concentrations was analyzed. The mean Mg level of the population studied was 0.77 ± 0.08 mmol/L, the prevalence of hypomagnesemia (<0.70 mmol/L) being 18.6%. We did not find any statistically significant differences between plasma Mg concentrations and sex, age, tobacco smoking and total adherence to the Mediterranean diet (p > 0.05). We found a statistically significant association between plasma Mg concentrations and the prevalence of type-2 diabetes (0.77 ± 0.08 mmol/L in non-diabetics versus 0.73 ± 0.13 mmol/L in diabetics; p = 0.009). Despite the low prevalence of type-2 diabetes in this population (11.24% in subjects with hypomagnesemia versus 3.91%, in normomagnesemia; p = 0.005), hypomagnesemia was associated with greater odds of being diabetic in comparison with normomagnesemia (OR = 3.36; p = 0.016, even after adjustment for sex, age, obesity, and medications). On the other hand, no statistically significant association of plasma Mg concentrations with obesity, hypertension, fasting triglycerides, HDL-cholesterol or uric acid was found. However, in contrast to what was initially expected, a statistically significant association was found between plasma Mg concentrations (basically in the highest quartile) and greater total cholesterol (p < 0.05) and LDL-cholesterol concentrations (p < 0.05). In conclusion, our results contribute to increasing the evidence gathered by numerous studies on the inverse association between hypomagnesemia and type-2 diabetes, as well as to the observation, previously reported in some studies, of a direct association with hypercholesterolemia. This paradoxical link should be deeply investigated in further studies.

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“…All studies had parallel design. Out of twenty-eight included studies, four studies performed in Europe (34,39,41,43) , ten in America (26,28,(30)(31)(32)35,37,38,44,45) and fourteen studies in Asia (21)(22)(23)(24)27,29,33,36,40,42,46,47,52) . The intervention period ranged between 4 and 48 weeks.…”

Section: Study Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of magnesium supplementation on anthropometric indices: a systematic review and dose–response meta-analysis of clinical trials

et al. 2020

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The aim of this study is to determine the determine effects of magnesium supplementation on anthropometric indices Consist of body weight (BW), waist circumference (WC), body mass index (BMI) and body fat percentage (BF%). In this systematic review and dose–response meta-analysis, we searched PubMed, Cochrane Library, Scopus, Web of Science and Google Scholar from databases inception up February 2020 for relevant randomized controlled trials. Quality of evidence was evaluated using the Cochrane Collaboration Tool. All of outcome in this meta-analysis were pooled using Random Effect Model. Analysis of dose–response for magnesium dosage was carried out using a fractional polynomial model. The systematic review and metal analysis include Twenty-eight RCTs, comprising 2013 participants. There were no significant changes in anthropometric indices after magnesium supplementation in the overall analysis. However, subgroup analysis revealed that magnesium supplementation decreases WC in subjects with BMI> 30 (obese) [12 trials, n = 997 participants; weighted mean difference (WMD) = −2.09 cm, 95% CI: −4.12 to −0.07, p =0.040; I2 = 0%]. Dose–response analysis revealed a non-significant nonlinear effect of supplementation dosage on anthropometric indices. The results suggest that magnesium supplementation is associated with lower WC only in obese subjects. However, more high-quality studies are needed to clarify the nature of this association.

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Oral Magnesium Supplementation and Metabolic Syndrome: A Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial

Cited by 29 publications

References 24 publications

Magnesium: A Magic Bullet for Cardiovascular Disease in Chronic Kidney Disease?

Magnesium: A Magic Bullet for Cardiovascular Disease in Chronic Kidney Disease?

Influence of Demographic and Lifestyle Variables on Plasma Magnesium Concentrations and Their Associations with Cardiovascular Risk Factors in a Mediterranean Population

The effect of magnesium supplementation on anthropometric indices: a systematic review and dose–response meta-analysis of clinical trials

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