Preferential inputs from cholecystokinin-positive neurons to the somatic compartment of parvalbumin-expressing neurons in the mouse primary somatosensory cortex

Hioki, Hiroyuki; Sohn, Jaerin; Nakamura, Hisashi; Okamoto, Shinichiro; Hwang, Jung‐Won; Ishida, Yuka; Takahashi, Megumu; Kubo, Hiroshi

doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2018.05.029

Cited by 19 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 118 publications

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“…For a small number of cells, ~90% of somatic puncta could be aligned with PV boutons, but on average, ~40% of gephyrin puncta could not be linked to PV inputs, suggesting that they belonged to a separate input class ( Figure 10 O). This finding is consistent with previous reports indicating VIP and CCK synapses are the predominant source of somatic inhibition for most PV neurons [ 66 , 67 , 68 ], although our results also indicate a subset of PV neurons preferentially receive somatic PV input. Overall, a larger proportion of gephyrin puncta on PV neuron somas was not associated with presynaptic PV compared to Pyr neuron somas (PV = 44 ± 23% vs. Pyr = 26 ± 18% of gephyrin puncta were not associated with PV boutons, p = 0.03), consistent with the greater diversity of somatic inputs for this cell-type.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 94%

Gephyrin-Lacking PV Synapses on Neocortical Pyramidal Neurons

Kuljis

Ray

Wegner

et al. 2021

IJMS

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Gephyrin has long been thought of as a master regulator for inhibitory synapses, acting as a scaffold to organize γ-aminobutyric acid type A receptors (GABAARs) at the post-synaptic density. Accordingly, gephyrin immunostaining has been used as an indicator of inhibitory synapses; despite this, the pan-synaptic localization of gephyrin to specific classes of inhibitory synapses has not been demonstrated. Genetically encoded fibronectin intrabodies generated with mRNA display (FingRs) against gephyrin (Gephyrin.FingR) reliably label endogenous gephyrin, and can be tagged with fluorophores for comprehensive synaptic quantitation and monitoring. Here we investigated input- and target-specific localization of gephyrin at a defined class of inhibitory synapse, using Gephyrin.FingR proteins tagged with EGFP in brain tissue from transgenic mice. Parvalbumin-expressing (PV) neuron presynaptic boutons labeled using Cre- dependent synaptophysin-tdTomato were aligned with postsynaptic Gephyrin.FingR puncta. We discovered that more than one-third of PV boutons adjacent to neocortical pyramidal (Pyr) cell somas lack postsynaptic gephyrin labeling. This finding was confirmed using correlative fluorescence and electron microscopy. Our findings suggest some inhibitory synapses may lack gephyrin. Gephyrin-lacking synapses may play an important role in dynamically regulating cell activity under different physiological conditions.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 94%

Gephyrin-Lacking PV Synapses on Neocortical Pyramidal Neurons

Kuljis

Ray

Wegner

et al. 2021

IJMS

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“…A large proportion of the BS VIP cell population is thought to mediate disinhibition 32 , 40 , 41 , 45 , 91 – 94 . Although the exact role of the small BS type of VIP neurons has yet to be described, immunofluorescence studies suggest that they may exert disinhibition by preferentially targeting PV interneurons 95 . Since we found that VIP spines have low survival rates yet rapidly form synapses once they are generated, this may imply that these neurons do not serve as stable intermediates for cortical disinhibition, but are able to rapidly switch between various and perhaps distinct synaptic inputs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A subpopulation of cortical VIP-expressing interneurons with highly dynamic spines

et al. 2022

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Structural synaptic plasticity may underlie experience and learning-dependent changes in cortical circuits. In contrast to excitatory pyramidal neurons, insight into the structural plasticity of inhibitory neurons remains limited. Interneurons are divided into various subclasses, each with specialized functions in cortical circuits. Further knowledge of subclass-specific structural plasticity of interneurons is crucial to gaining a complete mechanistic understanding of their contribution to cortical plasticity overall. Here, we describe a subpopulation of superficial cortical multipolar interneurons expressing vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) with high spine densities on their dendrites located in layer (L) 1, and with the electrophysiological characteristics of bursting cells. Using longitudinal imaging in vivo, we found that the majority of the spines are highly dynamic, displaying lifetimes considerably shorter than that of spines on pyramidal neurons. Using correlative light and electron microscopy, we confirmed that these VIP spines are sites of excitatory synaptic contacts, and are morphologically distinct from other spines in L1.

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“…Combined in situ hybridization and immunostaining were performed according to procedures described previously (Hioki et al, 2018). RNA probes for glutamic acid decarboxylase ( Gad1 , mRNA for GAD67) were generated by in vitro transcription (Roche Applied Science, Penzberg, Germany).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cell type‐ and layer‐specific convergence in core and shell neurons of the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus

Okigawa

Yamawaki

Ito

et al. 2020

J of Comparative Neurology

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Over 40 distinct types of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) generate parallel processing pathways in the visual system. In mice, two subdivisions of the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (dLGN), the core and the shell, organize distinct parallel channels to transmit visual information from the retina to the primary visual cortex (V1). To investigate how the dLGN core and shell differentially integrate visual information and other modalities, we mapped synaptic input sources to each dLGN subdivision at the cell-type level with G-deleted rabies viral vectors. The monosynaptic circuit tracing revealed that dLGN core neurons received inputs from alpha-RGCs, Layer 6 neurons of the V1, the superficial and intermediate layers of the superior colliculus (SC), the internal ventral LGN, the lower layer of the external ventral LGN (vLGNe), the intergeniculate leaf, the thalamic reticular nucleus (TRN), and the pretectal nucleus (PT). Conversely, shell neurons received inputs from alpha-RGCs and direction-selective ganglion cells of the retina, Layer 6 neurons of the V1, the superficial layer of the SC, the superficial and lower layers of the vLGNe, the TRN, the PT, and the parabigeminal nucleus. The present study provides anatomical evidence of the cell typeand layer-specific convergence in dLGN core and shell neurons. These findings suggest that dLGN core neurons integrate and process more multimodal information along with visual information than shell neurons and that LGN core and shell neurons integrate different types of information, send their own convergent information to discrete populations of the V1, and differentially contribute to visual perception and behavior.

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Preferential inputs from cholecystokinin-positive neurons to the somatic compartment of parvalbumin-expressing neurons in the mouse primary somatosensory cortex

Cited by 19 publications

References 118 publications

Gephyrin-Lacking PV Synapses on Neocortical Pyramidal Neurons

Gephyrin-Lacking PV Synapses on Neocortical Pyramidal Neurons

A subpopulation of cortical VIP-expressing interneurons with highly dynamic spines

Cell type‐ and layer‐specific convergence in core and shell neurons of the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus

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