Characterization of antennal chemosensilla and associated odorant binding as well as chemosensory proteins in the parasitoid wasp Microplitis mediator (Hymenoptera: Braconidae)

Abstract

Odorant binding proteins (OBPs) and chemosensory proteins (CSPs) expressed in antennal chemosensilla are believed to be important in insect chemoreception. In the current study, we fully described the morphological characteristics of the antennal sensilla in parasitoid wasp Microplitis mediator and analyzed the expression patterns of OBPs and CSPs within the antennae. In M. mediator, eight types of sensilla were observed on the antennae. Sensilla basiconica type 2 and s. placodea with wall pores may be involved in olfactory perception, whereas s. basiconica type 1 and type 3 with tip pores may play gustatory functions. Among the 18 OBPs and 3 CSPs in M. mediator, 10 OBPs and 2 CSPs were exclusively or primarily expressed in the antennae. In situ hybridization experiments indicated that the 12 antennae-enriched OBPs and CSPs were mapped to five morphological classes of antennal sensilla, including s. basiconica (type 1–3), s. placodea and s. coeloconica. Within the antennae, most of OBP and CSP genes were expressed only in one type of sensilla indicating their differentiated roles in detection of special type of chemical molecules. Our data will lay a foundation to further study the physiological roles of OBPs and CSPs in antennae of parasitoid wasps.

Molecular characterization and expression of sensory neuron membrane proteins in the parasitoid Microplitis mediator (Hymenoptera: Braconidae)

“…S. placodea of parasitoid wasp M. croceipes may be involved in the perception of plant‐emitted volatiles and sex pheromones (Ochieng et al ., ; Bleeker et al ., ; Baaren et al ., ; Gao et al ., ). In the previous study, s. placodea with wall pores were observed in antennae flagella of M. mediator , which are likely involved in olfactory perception of wasps (Wang et al ., ). In short, MmedSNMP1 may also participate in both pheromones and general odors detection.…”

Ultrastructure of the Olfactory Sensilla across the Antennae and Maxillary Palps of Bactrocera dorsalis (Diptera: Tephritidae)

“…They are identified as olfactory sensilla with ultrastructure characteristics of numerous nano pores present on the surface. Odorant binding proteins, chemosensory proteins, and odorant receptors, which are involved in the detection of semiochemicals, have been reported in Microplitis mediator [ 25 ], Adelphocoris lineolatus [ 26 ], and Schistocerca greraria [ 27 ]. Some OBPs have been reported binding with plant volatile or pheromones.…”

Sensory Geneidentificationin the Transcriptome of the Ectoparasitoid Quadrastichus Mendeliinthe Eucalyptus Gall wasp Leptocybe Invasa

“…(10), Me. pulchricornis (8) and Tric. dendrolimi (7) 2,4,12,16 and are greater than those in the parasitoids Cot.…”

“…2 ; Braconidae, e.g., Cotesia vestalis Haliday 5 , Cot. chilonis Matsumura 6 , Microplitis demolitor Wilkinson 7 , M. mediator Haliday 8 , Microcentrus cingulum Brischke 9 , Aphidius gifuensis Ashmead 10 , Ap. ervi Haliday 11 and Meteorus pulchricornis Wesmael 12 ; Encyrtidae, e.g., Anastatus japonicus Ashmead 13 and Aenasius bambawalei Hayat 14 ; Eupelmidae, e.g., Copidosoma oridanum Ashmead 15 ; Ichneumonidae, e.g., Campoletis chlorideae Uchida 1 ; Trichogrammatidae, e.g., Trichogramma dendrolimi Matsumura 16 and Tric.…”

“…Q. mendeli has now been successfully established and effectively controls L. invasa populations in elds in Australia, China, Cambodia, India, Israel, Italy, Kenya, Laos, South Africa, Thailand and Vietnam [25][26][27][28][29] . Previous studies revealed that sensory genes of parasitoids play important roles in locating hosts 8 . Therefore, Q. mendeli -L. invasa is an ideal system to study the way that parasitoids use sensory genes in gall-making pests.…”