First report of Cytauxzoon sp. infection in domestic cats in Switzerland: natural and transfusion-transmitted infections

Nentwig, Alice; Meli, Marina L.; Schrack, Johanna; Reichler, Iris M; Riond, Barbara; Gloor, C. I.; Howard, Judith; Hofmann‐Lehmann, Regina; Willi, Barbara

doi:10.1186/s13071-018-2728-5

Cited by 31 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…In the present case, the cat did not display any noticeable symptoms at immunosuppression caused by FIV, the piroplasm contributed as an opportunistic factor triggering the clinical picture. Furthermore, several reports have identified a positive relationship between FIV infection or other immune-mediated conditions and cytauxzoonosis in Europe [5,11]. The clinical role of Cytauxzoon sp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…in domestic cats without immunosuppression and coinfections remains debatable, as the information about pathogenesis and clinical involvement is limited. Although some cases of clinical illness and fatal outcome have been described [7,10,11], the majority of Cytauxzoon sp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…infected cats were apparently healthy, with only few animals showing mild anaemia syndrome [5,8,9,11].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cytauxzoon manul was described in naturally infected Pallas's cats (Otocolobus manul) from Mongolia [2,3]. In Europe, an unnamed species of Cytauxzoon was reported in domestic cats from Spain [4,5], France [6,7], Italy [8,9], Portugal [10], and Switzerland [11], but also from wild felids in Spain [12][13][14][15][16][17][18], Romania [19], Italy [20], and Bosnia and Herzegovina [21]. Studies on Cytauxzoon sp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The European isolates of Cytauxzoon seem to be less virulent than C. felis and the clinical manifestations appear to be associated with immune-mediated diseases or secondary infections [5,11]. Due to non-clinical carrier state as well as non-specific clinical signs like lethargy, anorexia, anaemia, fever, weight loss, tachycardia, tachypnoea, diarrhoea, and vomiting, clinical reports for Cytauxzoon sp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The first case of feline cytauxzoonosis in Germany: clinical description and molecular confirmation

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et al. 2020

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Background Cytauxzoonosis is gaining clinical importance in recent years, being described as an emerging tick-borne disease of domestic and wild felids caused by protozoans of the genus Cytauxzoon . While in the Americas the condition is described as a fatal disease, in Europe, reports on the clinical expression of the infection are scarce. This study describes the first case of Cytauxzoon sp. infection in a domestic cat in Germany. Methods Clinical and laboratory findings, and molecular and DNA sequencing results were collected from a domestic cat suspected for cytauxzoonosis after the microscopic examination of a blood smear. Results A 6-year-old male domestic cat living in Saarlouis (Germany) was presented with a history of recent anorexia and weight loss. The cat had an outdoor lifestyle and had not travelled abroad. Serum clinical chemistry analysis revealed azotaemia with markedly increased symmetric dimethylarginine, hypercreatinemia, hyperphosphatemia and hypoalbuminemia. Moreover, a mild non-regenerative anaemia was present. Approximately one year prior these findings, the patient was diagnosed with a FIV infection. These results point toward a decreased glomerular filtration rate, presumably as a result of a kidney dysfunction. Therefore, a glomerulonephropathy was suspected. Round to oval signet-ring shaped intraerythrocytic organisms, morphologically suggestive for a piroplasm, were revealed during blood smear evaluation with a degree of parasitaemia of 32.95%. PCR analyses and sequencing of the partial 18S gene confirmed the presence of a Cytauxzoon sp. infection, with 99-100% nucleotide sequence identity with previously published Cytauxzoon sp. isolates. Conclusion This study provides the first case of molecularly confirmed Cytauxzoon sp. infection in a domestic cat in Germany and describes the clinical picture of the disease in association with FIV infection. These findings suggest that cytauxzoonosis should be considered as a differential diagnosis in cases of anaemia in domestic outdoor cats, particularly in areas where wild felid populations are present.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…infected cats were apparently healthy, with only few animals showing mild anaemia syndrome [5,8,9,11].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

The first case of feline cytauxzoonosis in Germany: clinical description and molecular confirmation

Panait

Stock

Globokar

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Preliminary study of Cytauxzoon felis infection in outdoor cats in Mashhad, Iran

2020

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First report of Cytauxzoon sp. infection in Germany: organism description and molecular confirmation in a domestic cat

et al. 2020

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Cytauxzoonosis is described as an emerging tick-borne disease of domestic and wild felids caused by protozoans of the genus Cytauxzoon . While in the Americas the condition is described as a fatal disease, in Europe, reports on the clinical expression of the infection are scarce. This study describes the first case of Cytauxzoon sp. infection in Germany, in a domestic cat. A 6-year-old male domestic cat living in Saarlouis (Saarland) was presented with anorexia, lethargy and weight loss. The cat had an outdoor lifestyle and had not travelled abroad. Serum clinical chemistry analysis revealed azotaemia with markedly increased symmetric dimethylarginine, hypercreatinemia, hyperphosphatemia and hypoalbuminemia. Moreover, a mild non-regenerative anaemia was present. Approximately 1 year prior to these findings, the domestic cat was diagnosed with a feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) infection. These results pointed toward a decreased glomerular filtration rate, presumably as a result of kidney dysfunction. Round to oval signet ring–shaped intraerythrocytic organisms, morphologically suggestive for a piroplasm, were revealed during blood smear evaluation with a degree of parasitaemia of 33.0%. PCR analyses and sequencing of a region of the 18S rRNA gene confirmed the presence of a Cytauxzoon sp. infection, with 99–100% nucleotide sequence identity with previously published Cytauxzoon sp. isolates. As this is the first molecularly confirmed Cytauxzoon sp. infection in a domestic cat in Germany, these findings suggest that cytauxzoonosis should be considered as a differential diagnosis in cases of anaemia in outdoor domestic cats, particularly in areas where wild felid populations are present.

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First report of Cytauxzoon sp. infection in domestic cats in Switzerland: natural and transfusion-transmitted infections

Cited by 31 publications

References 67 publications

The first case of feline cytauxzoonosis in Germany: clinical description and molecular confirmation

The first case of feline cytauxzoonosis in Germany: clinical description and molecular confirmation

Preliminary study of Cytauxzoon felis infection in outdoor cats in Mashhad, Iran

First report of Cytauxzoon sp. infection in Germany: organism description and molecular confirmation in a domestic cat

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