Mediterranean Diet, Food Consumption and Risk of Late-Life Depression: The Mugello Study

Pagliai, Giuditta; Sofi, Francesco; Vannetti, Federica; Caiani, S.; Pasquini, Guido; Lova, Raffaele Molino; Cecchi, Francesca; Sorbi, Sandro; Macchi, Claudio

doi:10.1007/s12603-018-1019-3

Cited by 37 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…In a multicentre, randomized, primary clinical trial that aimed to assess the effects of a Mediterranean-type diet on CVD, the results suggest that a Mediterranean diet supplemented with nuts could exert a beneficial effect on the risk of depression in patients with DM2 (Sánchez-Villegas et al, 2013). Moreover, in line with our results, a study supports that consuming a greater amount of olive oil and fruit is associated with a lower risk of depression (Pagliai et al, 2018).…”

Section: Ethical Approval and Informed Consentsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…Some studies suggest that eating a Mediterranean diet may help prevent depression. A main finding of the review was that there seemed to be a strong association between eating a Mediterranean-style diet and a reduced risk of developing symptoms of depression or being diagnosed with clinical depression (Pagliai et al, 2018;Sanchez-Villegas et al, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Adherence to Mediterranean diet and risk of depression later in life. A cross sectional study in East Attica, Greece

Argyropoulos

Machini

2019

Global Psychiatry

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ObjectivesThe purpose of the present study was to estimate the prevalence of depression later in life in an urban area and to investigate the associations between possible risk and protective factors including adherence to a Mediterranean diet.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted among the active members of the open day-care centres for older people, in East-Attica, Greece. An anonymous questionnaire was developed to collect basic demographic and medical data, the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15) was applied to screen the elderly for depressive symptoms, the Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS) was used to quantify sleep disturbances and adherence to the Mediterranean diet was evaluated using the Mediterranean Diet Score (MDS). Statistics was processed with SPSS 24.0.Results154 older adults took part in the study. According to GDS-15, 24.7% (21.4% moderate and 3.2% severe type) screened positive for depressive symptoms. 29.9% of the participants reported inadequate sleep, based on AIS. Depression and insomnia in older participants were more frequent in women than in men, in lower educated, in participants with lower monthly income and in older people with comorbidity (p < 0.05).MDS revealed that adherence to a Mediterranean diet was moderate for 64.3% of the participants, and it was high for 34.4%. Depression diagnosed by a physician, was strongly associated with MDS (p = 0.035) and AIS (p = 0.001). Logistic regression analysis results revealed a diet higher in vegetables and lower in poultry and alcohol was associated with decreased likelihood of developing symptoms of depression later in life.ConclusionsOur results support that depression in older adults is common and strongly associated with several risk factors. Adherence to a Mediterranean diet may protect against the development of depressive symptoms in older age. Moreover, not only diet but also sleep-deficiency might contribute to the depression later in life.

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Section: Ethical Approval and Informed Consentsupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adherence to Mediterranean diet and risk of depression later in life. A cross sectional study in East Attica, Greece

Argyropoulos

Machini

2019

Global Psychiatry

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“…Maintaining good nutrition and increasing fruit and vegetable consumption may be important for psychological health of older people. 4 [53] Subjects who reported to consume a greater amount of fruit were associated with a lower risk of depression (OR 0.46; 95% CI: 0.26-0.84, p = 0.011) after adjustment for many possible confounders. Similar results were obtained for women, while no statistically significant differences emerged for men.…”

Section: [52]mentioning

confidence: 99%

Fruit and Vegetable Intake and Mental Health in Adults: A Systematic Review

et al. 2020

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The role of a properly balanced diet in the prevention and treatment of mental disorders has been suggested, while vegetables and fruits have a high content of nutrients that may be of importance in the case of depressive disorders. The aim of the study was to conduct a systematic review of the observational studies analyzing association between fruit and vegetable intake and mental health in adults. The search adhered to the guidelines of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA), and the review was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) database (CRD42019138148). A search for peer-reviewed observational studies published until June 2019 was performed in PubMed and Web of Science databases, followed by an additional manual search for publications conducted via analyzing the references of the found studies. With respect to the intake of fruit and/or vegetable, studies that assessed the intake of fruits and/or vegetables, or their processed products (e.g., juices), as a measure expressed in grams or as the number of portions were included. Those studies that assessed the general dietary patterns were not included in the present analysis. With respect to mental health, studies that assessed all the aspects of mental health in both healthy participants and subjects with physical health problems were included, but those conducted in groups of patients with intellectual disabilities, dementia, and eating disorders were excluded. To assess bias, the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale (NOS) was applied. A total of 5911 studies were independently extracted by 2 researchers and verified if they met the inclusion criteria using a 2-stage procedure (based on the title, based on the abstract). After reviewing the full text, a total of 61 studies were selected. A narrative synthesis of the findings from the included studies was performed, which was structured around the type of outcome. The studies included mainly focused on depression and depressive symptoms, but also other characteristics ranging from general and mental well-being, quality of life, sleep quality, life satisfaction, flourishing, mood, self-efficacy, curiosity, creativity, optimism, self-esteem, stress, nervousness, or happiness, to anxiety, minor psychiatric disorders, distress, or attempted suicide, were analyzed. The most prominent results indicated that high total intake of fruits and vegetables, and some of their specific subgroups including berries, citrus, and green leafy vegetables, may promote higher levels of optimism and self-efficacy, as well as reduce the level of psychological distress, ambiguity, and cancer fatalism, and protect against depressive symptoms. However, it must be indicated that the studies included were conducted using various methodologies and in different populations, so their results were not always sufficiently comparable, which is a limitation. Taken together, it can be concluded that fruits and/or vegetables, and some of their specific subgroups, as well as processed fruits and vegetables, seems to have a positive influence on mental health, as stated in the vast majority of the included studies. Therefore, the general recommendation to consume at least 5 portions of fruit and vegetables a day may be beneficial also for mental health.

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“…The lion's share of the studies underlines the significant role of the Mediterranean dietary pattern in preventing cardiovascular diseases [9], type II Diabetes [10], obesity and metabolic syndrome [11,12]. Moreover, increased interest in the diet's results on human morbidities underscores the effect of prolonged survival of the Elderly [13], better sleep and academic performance in teens [14], increased vitamin D levels, improvement of neck bone mineral density in adults who already had osteoporosis [15], longer length of telomeres in women [16], decreased depression in the Elderly [17], lower risk of fatty liver [18], lower risk of aggressive prostate cancer [19], prevention of colon cancer [20], reduced incidence of gestational diabetes and premature births [21], longevity [22], and improvement of arthritis symptoms [7].…”

Section: Special Features Of the Mediterranean Diet And Links To Disementioning

confidence: 99%

Interplay between Mediterranean Diet and Gut Microbiota in the Interface of Autoimmunity: An Overview

Tsigalou¹,

Tsolou²,

Konstantinidis³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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The nutritional habits regulate the gut microbiota and may provoke and/or prevent autoimmune disease. Western diet is rich in sugars, meat and poly-unsaturated fatty acids, which lead to dysbiosis of intestinal microbiota, disruption of gut epithelial barrier and chronic mucosal inflammation. On the other hand, Mediterranean Diet (MedDiet) is rich in ω3 fatty acids, fruits and vegetables and has anti-inflammatory properties, which can restore gut eubiosis. The effect of MedDiet and its components in health and disease states have been thoroughly analyzed in several studies. Moreover, several studies have specifically investigated the association between MedDiet, microbiota and risk for autoimmune diseases. Furthermore, the MedDiet has been associated with lower risk of cardiovascular diseases, which plays a critical role in reducing mortality in patients suffering from autoimmune diseases with comorbidities. The aim of the present review is to specifically highlight current knowledge regarding possible interactions of MedDiet with the patterns of intestinal microbiota focusing on autoimmunity and a blueprint through dietary modulations for the prevention and management of diseases’s activity and progression.

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Mediterranean Diet, Food Consumption and Risk of Late-Life Depression: The Mugello Study

Abstract: Our results support the hypothesis that a diet rich in olive oil and fruit, characteristics of MD, may protect against the development of depressive symptoms in older age.

Cited by 37 publications

References 46 publications

Adherence to Mediterranean diet and risk of depression later in life. A cross sectional study in East Attica, Greece

Adherence to Mediterranean diet and risk of depression later in life. A cross sectional study in East Attica, Greece

Fruit and Vegetable Intake and Mental Health in Adults: A Systematic Review

Interplay between Mediterranean Diet and Gut Microbiota in the Interface of Autoimmunity: An Overview

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