Ultrasound findings in autoimmune hepatitis

Abstract

Ultrasound findings in autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) have not been reported systematically so far. The use of reliable and accurate noninvasive methods for determining fibrosis stage is important in evaluation of treatment efficacy and fibrosis regression in AIH. Imaging plays an important role in detection of complications and ruling out other possible causes of chronic liver diseases. Ultrasound elastography cut-off values in AIH patients are not the same as those in patients with chronic viral hepatitis or non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. AIH is characterized by wide fluctuations in inflammatory activity. Here we report on current knowledge of ultrasound findings in AIH.

Modern ultrasound imaging of pancreatic tumors

“…Elastography is not able to decisively differentiate focal pancreatitis from PDAC, since chronic focal pancreatitis can also be stiffer than the otherwise healthy pancreatic parenchyma. Strain elastography is also useful in diagnosing autoimmune pancreatitis since the entire organ shows stiffer tissue properties before B-mode changes are visible [88][89][90][91][92]. Circumscript pancreatic tuberculosis is also stiffer than the surrounding pancreatic parenchyma [93,94], whereas the application and correct interpretation of elastography in chronic pancreatitis is more difficult and semiquantitative strain-exploiting elastographic techniques are preferred.…”

Cystic and alveolar echinococcosis of the hepatobiliary tract – the role of new imaging techniques for improved diagnosis

“…The inflammatory process within organs frequently leads to hyperplasia of draining regional lymph nodes. Lymph node enlargement within the hepatoduodenal ligament may be present in patients with acute [34] or chronic liver and pancreatic diseases including chronic virus hepatitis C [30,36,37,43], autoimmune hepatitis [44], primary biliary cirrhosis [45], primary sclerosing cholangitis [35] and other liver [32] and pancreatic [46] diseases. Lymph node enlargement in the liver hilum may reflect inflammatory activity and/or the immunological response of the host [37].…”

Frequency of OBI among Patients with Autoimmune Hepatitis

“…Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a progressive chronic hepatitis which affects all ages and both sexes but is more common among females (Dong et al, 2018). Although the causes of autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) disease remain unknown, genetic and environmental factors and viral hepatitis B and C may provoke the disease (Vento et al, 2004;Hui et al, 2006).…”