Neuropeptide Y (NPY) or cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART) fiber innervation on central and medial amygdaloid neurons that project to the locus coeruleus and dorsal raphe in the rat

Hwang, Young G.; Lee, Hyun Sook

doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2018.03.032

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 82 publications

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“…Several recent reports identify the mammalian amygdalar complex in the regulation of feeding behaviours (Padilla et al, 2016;Kim et al, 2017;Izadi and Radahmadi, 2021). Consistent with our findings, the amygdala receives projections from both the NPY and CART neurons of the hypothalamic Arc (Hwang and Lee, 2018) and employs NPY Y1 mediated signalling to increase the food intake (Padilla et al, 2016). Additionally, projections from dopamine receptor-positive neurons in prefrontal cortex are known to activate medial BLA to increase food intake (Land et al, 2014).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Convergent energy state-dependent antagonistic signalling by CART and NPY modulates the plasticity of forebrain neurons to regulate feeding in zebrafish

Bodas

Maduskar

Kaniganti

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Dynamic re-configuration of circuit function subserves the flexibility of innate behaviours tuned to physiological states. Internal energy stores adaptively regulate feeding-associated behaviours by integrating opposing hunger and satiety signals at the level of neural circuits. Across vertebrate lineages, the neuropeptides CART and NPY have potent anorexic and orexic functions, respectively, and show energy state-dependent expression in interoceptive neurons. However, how the antagonistic activities of these peptides modulate circuit plasticity remain unclear. Using behavioural, neuroanatomical and activity analysis in adult zebrafish, along with pharmacological interventions, we show that CART and NPY activities converge on a population of neurons in the dorsomedial telencephalon (Dm). While CART facilitates glutamatergic neurotransmission at the Dm, NPY dampens the response to glutamate. In energy-rich states, CART enhances NMDA receptor (NMDAR) function by PKA/PKC mediated phosphorylation of the NR1 subunit of the NMDAR complex. Conversely, starvation triggers NPY-mediated reduction in phosphorylated NR1 via calcineurin activation and inhibition of cAMP production leading to reduced responsiveness to glutamate. Our data identify convergent integration of CART and NPY inputs by the Dm neurons to generate nutritional state-dependent circuit plasticity that is correlated with the behavioural switch induced by the opposing actions of satiety and hunger signals.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Convergent energy state-dependent antagonistic signalling by CART and NPY modulates the plasticity of forebrain neurons to regulate feeding in zebrafish

Bodas

Maduskar

Kaniganti

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…NPY, which is critical for regulating food intake within the ARC, is abundantly expressed within the CeA, making these neurones an obvious target. 136 The CeA receives dense NPY innervation from the ARC 137 and the NTS, 138 comprising areas important for feeding. Similar to actions within the ARC, overexpression of CeA NPY increases food intake and decreases energy expenditure.…”

Section: Insulin and E X Tr A-hyp Othal Amic B R Ain Reg I On S Involved In Feed Ingmentioning

confidence: 99%

The regulation of food intake by insulin in the central nervous system

Begg

2021

J Neuroendocrinology

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Animals must find and consume food to meet intake demands and maintain energy balance. The regulation of food intake is dependent on many factors, including environment, energy stores, peripheral hormone secretion, and their feedback to homeostatic and hedonic brain circuits. Importantly, disruption to the balance of food intake and energy expenditure leads to weight and metabolism-related pathologies, including obesity and type II diabetes. 1 As a result of the worldwide obesity epidemic of recent decades, an improved understanding of the regulation of food intake via integration of peripheral signals and central nervous system (CNS) circuits may lead to novel treatment approaches for obesity.Insulin, a pancreatic hormone released in response to elevated blood glucose, was first discovered by Banting and Best in the pancreatic extracts of dogs 100 years ago. 2 Insulin is primarily known as a peripheral regulator of blood glucose levels and, hence, has been used as a treatment for both type I and type II diabetes mellitus, diseases affecting over 450 million people globally. 3 Following an increase in blood glucose levels (ie, when a meal is consumed), the release of insulin is stimulated, which circulates in the bloodstream and binds to insulin receptors on cell membranes in tissues such as the liver, muscle and adipose tissue. This binding of insulin at its receptor results in phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate proteins 1 and 2 (IRS1 and IRS2), ultimately activating the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt) pathway. 4 PI3K activation

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“…The amygdala is involved in emotional responses including fear, anxiety, and aggression as well as the regulation of energy balance [ 137 , 138 ]. Reciprocal projections exist between ARH NPY+/CART+ neurons and CEA neurons [ 24 , 139 ]. Infusion of insulin into the CEA increases the immunoreactivity of c-Fos, a neuronal activity marker, in the ARH, suggesting that insulin mediates anorexia via this circuit [ 137 , 140 ].…”

Section: Centrally-projecting Neuronsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arcuate Nucleus of the Hypothalamus: Anatomy, Physiology, and Diseases

Song,

Choi

2023

Exp Neurobiol

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The hypothalamus is part of the diencephalon and has several nuclei, one of which is the arcuate nucleus. The arcuate nucleus of hypothalamus (ARH) consists of neuroendocrine neurons and centrally-projecting neurons. The ARH is the center where the homeostasis of nutrition/metabolism and reproduction are maintained. As such, dysfunction of the ARH can lead to disorders of nutrition/metabolism and reproduction. Here, we review various types of neurons in the ARH and several genetic disorders caused by mutations in the ARH.

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Neuropeptide Y (NPY) or cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART) fiber innervation on central and medial amygdaloid neurons that project to the locus coeruleus and dorsal raphe in the rat

Cited by 9 publications

References 82 publications

Convergent energy state-dependent antagonistic signalling by CART and NPY modulates the plasticity of forebrain neurons to regulate feeding in zebrafish

Convergent energy state-dependent antagonistic signalling by CART and NPY modulates the plasticity of forebrain neurons to regulate feeding in zebrafish

The regulation of food intake by insulin in the central nervous system

Arcuate Nucleus of the Hypothalamus: Anatomy, Physiology, and Diseases

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