Pulmonary Function Tests Abnormalities in Children With Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Amrousy, Doaa El; Hassan, Syed Moin; Elashry, Heba; Yousef, Mohamed; Sharshar, Ragia S.

doi:10.1097/mpg.0000000000001989

Cited by 8 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…As many as 37-55% of patients with IBD have abnormal pulmonary functions or chest radiological features (25). Due to the fact that PFTs abnormalities are frequently found in IBD patients without the presence of any respiratory symptoms (and that these abnormalities persist even after remission), it is assumed that abnormal pulmonary function may be the earliest lung changes in these patients (26). The most common finding of abnormal PFTs in children with IBD is restrictive pulmonary ventilation dysfunction.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most common finding of abnormal PFTs in children with IBD is restrictive pulmonary ventilation dysfunction. Decreased diffusion capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (DLCO) is the earliest abnormality that is observed in IBD children with lung involvement, and it is more severe during disease activity than during remission (26). Another study showed that bronchial hyperresponsiveness can occur in children with CD at a very high proportion (71%), even in the absence of clinical or radiological evidence of pulmonary disease (27).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Crohn’s disease with pulmonary granuloma in a child: a case report and review of the literature

Cao¹,

Deng²,

Che³

et al. 2021

Transl Pediatr

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Crohn's disease (CD) is a complex, multifactorial disease that is characterized by chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal system (1). It may affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract from the mouth to the anus. Approximately 25-40% of patients with CD can have multiple extraintestinal manifestations, including erythema nodosum, pyoderma gangrenosum, ankylosing spondylitis, arthritis, hepatitis, sclerosing cholangitis, pancreatitis, nephrolithiasis, uveitis, and episcleritis (2). The first report of lung involvement in CD was published in 1976 (3). The bronchopulmonary manifestations of CD are very rare extraintestinal manifestations, and the literature reports that the prevalence of these manifestations is as low as 0.2% (4). However, this prevalence rate may be underestimated, as an increasing number of cases have reported that the pulmonary performance of adult CD patients may be higher than was previously thought. Reports of children with CD involving the lungs are even rarer; thus, lung lesions are often overlooked. This article reports of one pediatric CD patient presenting

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crohn’s disease with pulmonary granuloma in a child: a case report and review of the literature

Cao¹,

Deng²,

Che³

et al. 2021

Transl Pediatr

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“…A recent study showed alterations in certain parameters of PFT (forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), forced vital capacity and diffusion capacity of lung for carbon monoxide (DLCO)) between the day of IBD diagnosis and three years after [128]. Contradictory to other studies, Furlano et al showed that pediatric CD patients have significantly decreased mid-and end-expiratory flow values, but the number of patients with flow values under the norm was generally low [98].…”

Section: Pulmonary Function and Breathing Testsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Pathophysiological Concepts and Management of Pulmonary Manifestation of Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Schmid

Chao

Däbritz

2022

IJMS

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Pulmonary manifestation (PM) of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in children is a rare condition. The exact pathogenesis is still unclear, but several explanatory concepts were postulated and several case reports in children were published. We performed a systematic Medline search between April 1976 and April 2022. Different pathophysiological concepts were identified, including the shared embryological origin, “miss-homing” of intestinal based neutrophils and T lymphocytes, inflammatory triggering via certain molecules (tripeptide proline-glycine-proline, interleukin 25), genetic factors and alterations in the microbiome. Most pediatric IBD patients with PM are asymptomatic, but can show alterations in pulmonary function tests and breathing tests. In children, the pulmonary parenchyma is more affected than the airways, leading histologically mainly to organizing pneumonia. Medication-associated lung injury has to be considered in pulmonary symptomatic pediatric IBD patients treated with certain agents (i.e., mesalamine, sulfasalazine or infliximab). Furthermore, the risk of pulmonary embolism is generally increased in pediatric IBD patients. The initial treatment of PM is based on corticosteroids, either inhaled for the larger airways or systemic for smaller airways and parenchymal disease. In summary, this review article summarizes the current knowledge about PM in pediatric IBD patients, focusing on pathophysiological and clinical aspects.

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“…Most studies on respiratory manifestations of IBD in children include lung function testing. To date, there are six studies that assessed lung function in 294 children with IBD [14,48,[54][55][56][57]. Pulmonary function abnormalities were generally inconsistent and mild.…”

Section: Lung Function Abnormalitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inflammatory bowel disease and the lung in paediatric patients

Jochmann

Trachsel

Hammer

2021

Breathe

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The prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has increased over the past 20 years. Pulmonary involvement in paediatric IBD is rare but may be missed since the spectrum of symptoms is broad and mimics other diseases. The most important differential diagnoses of pulmonary manifestations of IBD are infections and therapy-related side-effects. There is no gold standard to diagnose respiratory manifestations in children with IBD. Diagnostic tests should be chosen according to history and clinical presentation. Treatment of respiratory manifestations of IBD includes inhaled or oral corticosteroids and initiation or step-up of immunomodulatory IBD therapies.

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Pulmonary Function Tests Abnormalities in Children With Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Abstract: Subclinical PFTs abnormalities are common in pediatric IBD even during remission period. So, periodic PFTs evaluation should be considered in the routine follow-up of IBD children.

Cited by 8 publications

References 32 publications

Crohn’s disease with pulmonary granuloma in a child: a case report and review of the literature

Crohn’s disease with pulmonary granuloma in a child: a case report and review of the literature

Pathophysiological Concepts and Management of Pulmonary Manifestation of Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Inflammatory bowel disease and the lung in paediatric patients

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