Transmission of vibration from a vibrating plate to the head of standing people

Beneficial effects are associated with whole-body vibration exercises (WBVEs). Increases in muscular strength/power, flexibility, and gait speed; improvements in bone mineral density, balance, and the quality of life; and decreased pain and risk of falls are reported. The aim is to present a review about the importance of WBVE for elderly individuals, considering clinical studies and meta-analyses, on bone and muscle strength/power. There is evidence supporting beneficial effect of WBVE in postmenopausal women (PW); however, effects in PW with osteoporosis are unclear. Age-related decrease in muscle mass and function contribute to undesirable health conditions, including death risk. The WBVEs improve muscle strength/power, functional independence measure, balance, and various fall risk factors, and mobility, measured by Timed Up and Go test, increased significantly after WBVE. An explanation for the absence of positive effects in some outcomes could be related to discrepancies in WBVE protocols as well as the populations tested. It is concluded that WBVE is effective for counteracting the loss of muscle strength associated with sarcopenia in elderly individuals. Balance and leg and plantar flexor strength improvements due to WBV indicate benefit to reduce risk and incidence of falls, frailty, and fracture risks. However, long-term feasibility of WBVE for musculoskeletal and bone health in elderly individuals needs further investigation.

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“…10,16,18,19 Besides the beneficial effects, undesirable and unpleasant side effects due to WBVE have been documented. 10,20…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relevance of Whole-Body Vibration Exercises on Muscle Strength/Power and Bone of Elderly Individuals

et al. 2018

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“…This range of frequency is within the range used in medical rehabilitation and sports training applications. 10,13,32,33 WBV training machines operated by motors need a few seconds to reach steady state. So, the duration of vibration exposure was chosen as 10 s to allow the machine to reach steady state and the subject to be stable on the vibrating plate.…”

Section: Equipment and Stimulimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The transmissibility represents the interactive movements of the different parts of the body between the two measurement locations. Both AM and transmissibility have been used previously to quantify the effect of different factors, such as posture, on the response to vibration either through experimental [9][10][11][12][13][14] or modelling investigations. 15,16 They have been also used to explain the effect of vibration on comfort, health and interference with activities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite the differences in body structure and mechanical properties between males and females, studies of biodynamic responses to WBV have focused on either male subjects 10,13,14,24,25 or mixed (pooled) gender subjects. [26][27][28] If gender has an effect on the response to vibration, then one cannot generalise the results obtained with male subjects and apply them to female users of WBV training machines.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of gender on the biodynamic responses to vibration induced by a whole-body vibration training machine

Nawayseh

Sinan

Alteneiji

et al. 2019

Proc Inst Mech Eng H

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Whole-body vibration training machines are used by both male and female users. However, studies investigating the biodynamic responses to vibration during training have used either mixed-gender subjects or male subjects. No study has investigated the effect of gender on the biodynamic responses under vibration training conditions. The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of gender on the apparent mass and the vibration of the head of standing people during exposure to vibration. A total of 40 subjects (20 females and 20 males) were exposed to vertical vibration at six frequencies in the range 20-45 Hz and vibration acceleration in the range 10.8-20.9 m/s 2 (peak). The subjects stood on a force platform mounted on the vibrating plate of the machine adopting an upright standing posture with their knees unlocked and their arms straight along their bodies. The vertical acceleration and force at the interface between the vibrating plate and the feet were measured and used to calculate the apparent mass. The accelerations of the head in the x-, y-and zdirections were also measured and used to calculate the transmissibility to the head. The apparent mass of males was found higher than that of females. The transmissibility to the head in all directions was found higher in females than males. The differences in the biodynamic responses between males and females were attributed to the differences in body properties and structure of the two genders. The results of this study imply the need for gender-specific vibration training programmes.

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“…The body AM/mechanical impedance shows how vibration is transmitted to the human body while the transmissibility shows how vibration is transmitted through the human body. [7][8][9][10][11] Hence, the AM/ mechanical impedance is calculated as the ratio of the force to acceleration (velocity in the case of mechanical impedance) measured at the interface between the human body and the vibrating surface. The transmissibility, however, is calculated as the ratio between two measures of the same type (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling the apparent mass of the standing human body under whole-body vibration training conditions

Nawayseh

Hamdan

Bernardo-Filho

et al. 2020

Proc Inst Mech Eng H

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Several studies have measured the vibration transmitted to and through the human body under vibration training conditions. However, no work has modelled the apparent mass of the human body under such conditions. In this work, a 2 degree-of-freedom model has been developed to predict the apparent mass of the standing human body under whole-body vibration training conditions. The parameters of the model were optimised using measured apparent mass of 12 subjects standing with different knee angle of 180°, 165°, 150° and 135°. Good agreement was found between the predicted and measured apparent mass with errors less than 3 kg in the median apparent mass magnitude and errors less than 6° in the apparent mass phase angle. The medians of the optimised parameters of the 12 individual apparent masses were close to the corresponding optimised parameters of the median apparent mass of the 12 subjects. Compared to standing with extended legs, bending the knees was found to affect mainly the parameters (i.e. stiffness and damping) of the model close to the source of vibration. Bending the knees decreased the mass of the model close to the source of vibration and increased the mass away from the source of vibration. Among the postures with bent knees, the change in the model parameters was generally not significant. The model can be used as a tool by manufacturers of whole-body vibration training machines to test the performance of the machines during the design stage and/or after production. This will decrease the number of experimentations with human subjects which guarantees consistency, repeatability, time-saving and safety.

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Transmission of vibration from a vibrating plate to the head of standing people

Cited by 19 publications

References 35 publications

Relevance of Whole-Body Vibration Exercises on Muscle Strength/Power and Bone of Elderly Individuals

Relevance of Whole-Body Vibration Exercises on Muscle Strength/Power and Bone of Elderly Individuals

Effect of gender on the biodynamic responses to vibration induced by a whole-body vibration training machine

Modelling the apparent mass of the standing human body under whole-body vibration training conditions

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