Genome-wide profiling of expression and biochemical functions of the Medicago glutathione S-transferase gene family

Abstract

Glutathione S-transferases are ubiquitous enzyme in plants, playing vital roles in several physiological and developmental processes. In this study we identified 73 GST genes from the genome of Medicago truncatula. The Medicago GSTs were divided to eight classes with tau and phi being the most numerous. Six clusters were found on four Medicago chromosomes. The local gene duplication mainly contributed to the expansion of this large gene family. Functional divergence was found in their gene structures, gene expression patterns, and enzyme properties. A genomic comparative analysis revealed lineage-specific loss/gain events between Medicago and Glycine. This study offered new insights into the evolution of gene family between closely related species.

Exploring natural diversity of Medicago truncatula reveals physiotypes and loci associated with the response of seedling performance to nitrate supply

“…5C). Cluster spots of GST genes due to gene duplication events are generally found in plants genomes (Dixon et al 2002, Sappl et al 2009, Islam et al 2017, Abdul Kayum et al 2018, Han et al 2018). GST genes have been classified into different classes based on their genomic localization and their function (Dixon et al 2010).…”

“…GST genes have been classified into different classes based on their genomic localization and their function (Dixon et al 2010). Based on their localization, the genes revealed in this study encode GSTs of class tau (Han et al 2018), whose expression is often correlated with tolerance to a wide range of abiotic stresses (Dixon et al 2009). This is notably in relation to the action of GSTs as antioxidant enzymes able to remove reactive oxygen species (ROS), and thereby limit cell oxidative damages (Sappl et al 2009, Foyer and Noctor 2011, Del Río 2015).…”

Expanding the Plant GSTome Through Directed Evolution: DNA Shuffling for the Generation of New Synthetic Enzymes With Engineered Catalytic and Binding Properties

“…GSTs are encoded by a large and diverse gene family in plants, which is termed the GSTome. The GSTome differs in the number of GSTs, herbicide specificity, and inducibility in different plants and stress conditions (Liu et al, 2013 ; Csiszár et al, 2014 ; Pégeot et al, 2014 ; Han et al, 2018 ). Heavy metals and high temperature are also considered as inductors of GST expression and function (Gajewska and Skłodowska, 2008 ; Wang et al, 2017 ).…”

“…Recently, three new classes were identified in plants: hemerythrin (GSTH), iota (GSTI), and glutathionyl-hydroquinone reductases (GHRs) (Yang et al, 2014 ). The tau and phi classes have the largest number of GSTs in plants (Liu et al, 2013 ; Csiszár et al, 2014 ; Pégeot et al, 2014 ; Han et al, 2018 ). Both classes contribute considerable and play key roles in the detoxification of several classes of herbicides (Edwards and Dixon, 2000 ; Chronopoulou and Labrou, 2009 ).…”

Biochemical Functions of Glutathione S-Transferase Family of Salix babylonica

“…In this study, we determined the enzymatic activity of the Salix GST proteins. Interestingly, only theGSTU13 protein of Salix showed GSH peroxidase activity whereas many GSTs of other species usually presented this activity (Liu et al, 2015;Han et al, 2018). It is possible that the other GSTs of Salix could also have GSH peroxidase activity but they are too low to be detected under our measurement conditions or they have GSH peroxidase activity toward different substrates other than cumene hydroperoxide but are not detected in this study.…”