Rapid detection of MERS coronavirus-like viruses in bats: potential for tracking MERS coronavirus transmission and animal origin

Woo, Patrick C. Y.; Lau, Susanna K.P.; Chen, Yixin; Wong, Emily Y.; Chan, Konan; Chen, Honglin; Zhang, Libiao; Xia, Ningshao; Yuen, Kwok‐Yung

doi:10.1038/s41426-017-0016-7

Cited by 25 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Previous studies have shown that the coronavirus NP is the predominant, virus-derived, structural protein released in large amounts into the serum, nasopharyngeal aspirate, throat wash samples, faecal material, and urine during the early period of infection ( Das et al, 2010 ). Detection of the NP antigen might therefore be an effective strategy for the early screening of suspected SARS-CoV or MERS-CoV-infected patients ( Woo et al, 2018 ). Accordingly, Mass spectrometric analysis has demonstrated that NP is present in gargle solution samples from COVID-19 patients, suggesting that coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 NP antigen POCT could be effective for the early identification of COVID-19 patients ( Ihling et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: Np Antigen Detection Assaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of COVID-19: A review of the current literature and future perspectives

Liu

Wang

et al. 2020

Biosensors and Bioelectronics

337

309

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The rapid spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has led to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) worldwide pandemic. This unprecedented situation has garnered worldwide attention. An effective strategy for controlling the COVID-19 pandemic is to develop highly accurate methods for the rapid identification and isolation of SARS-CoV-2 infected patients. Many companies and institutes are therefore striving to develop effective methods for the rapid detection of SARS-CoV-2 ribonucleic acid (RNA), antibodies, antigens, and the virus. In this review, we summarize the structure of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, its genome and gene expression characteristics, and the current progression of SARS-CoV-2 RNA, antibodies, antigens, and virus detection. Further, we discuss the reasons for the observed false-negative and false-positive RNA and antibody detection results in practical clinical applications. Finally, we provide a review of the biosensors which hold promising potential for point-of-care detection of COVID-19 patients. This review thereby provides general guidelines for both scientists in the biosensing research community and for those in the biosensor industry to develop a highly sensitive and accurate point-of-care COVID-19 detection system, which would be of enormous benefit for controlling the current COVID-19 pandemic.

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Section: Np Antigen Detection Assaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of COVID-19: A review of the current literature and future perspectives

Liu

Wang

et al. 2020

Biosensors and Bioelectronics

337

309

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Therefore, such assays would also be used for the detection of merbecovirus β-CoVs in general, which originated from bats and still remain intraspecies, including bat-CoVs HKU4 and HKU5. This assay is considered a rapid on-site screening and tracking test for detection of merbecovirus hCoVs [73]. The commercialized semiquantitative enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) (EUROIMMUN, Lübeck, Germany) for MERS-CoV specific IgG antibodies in camel sera and plasma uses plates coated by purified S1 antigen of MERS-CoV [74].…”

Section: Laboratory-based Immunological Detectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Point-of-Care Diagnostics of COVID-19: From Current Work to Future Perspectives

Hussein

Hassan

Chino

et al. 2020

Sensors

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Coronaviruses have received global concern since 2003, when an outbreak caused by SARS-CoV emerged in China. Later on, in 2012, the Middle-East respiratory syndrome spread in Saudi Arabia, caused by MERS-CoV. Currently, the global crisis is caused by the pandemic SARS-CoV-2, which belongs to the same lineage of SARS-CoV. In response to the urgent need of diagnostic tools, several lab-based and biosensing techniques have been proposed so far. Five main areas have been individuated and discussed in terms of their strengths and weaknesses. The cell-culture detection and the microneutralization tests are still considered highly reliable methods. The genetic screening, featuring the well-established Real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), represents the gold standard for virus detection in nasopharyngeal swabs. On the other side, immunoassays were developed, either by screening/antigen recognition of IgM/IgG or by detecting the whole virus, in blood and sera. Next, proteomic mass-spectrometry (MS)-based methodologies have also been proposed for the analysis of swab samples. Finally, virus-biosensing devices were efficiently designed. Both electrochemical immunosensors and eye-based technologies have been described, showing detection times lower than 10 min after swab introduction. Alternative to swab-based techniques, lateral flow point-of-care immunoassays are already commercially available for the analysis of blood samples. Such biosensing devices hold the advantage of being portable for on-site testing in hospitals, airports, and hotspots, virtually without any sample treatment or complicated lab precautions.

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“…MERS-CoV is a zoonotic virus which recognizes dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (hDPP4, CD26) as its functional receptor [11,12], whereas SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV recognize angiotensinconverting enzyme 2 (ACE2) as their respective receptor [13,14]. Increasing evidence shows that similar to SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV also originated from bats; indeed, bats are the natural reservoir [15][16][17][18][19]. Dromedary camels are a potential intermediate host [20,21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An overview of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus vaccines in preclinical studies

Zhang

Shang

et al. 2020

Expert Review of Vaccines

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Introduction: Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) causes high mortality in humans. No vaccines are approved for use in humans; therefore, a consistent effort to develop safe and effective MERS vaccines is needed. Areas covered: This review describes the structure of MERS-CoV and the function of its proteins, summarizes MERS vaccine candidates under preclinical study (based on spike and non-spike structural proteins, inactivated virus, and live-attenuated virus), and highlights potential problems that could prevent these vaccines entering clinical trials. It provides guidance for the development of safe and effective MERS-CoV vaccines. Expert opinion: Although many MERS-CoV vaccines have been developed, most remain at the preclinical stage. Some vaccines demonstrate immunogenicity and efficacy in animal models, while others have potential adverse effects or low efficacy against high-dose or divergent virus strains. Novel strategies are needed to design safe and effective MERS vaccines to induce broad-spectrum immune responses and improve protective efficacy against multiple strains of MERS-CoV and MERS-like coronaviruses with pandemic potential. More funds should be invested to move vaccine candidates into human clinical trials.

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Rapid detection of MERS coronavirus-like viruses in bats: potential for tracking MERS coronavirus transmission and animal origin

Cited by 25 publications

References 25 publications

Detection of COVID-19: A review of the current literature and future perspectives

Detection of COVID-19: A review of the current literature and future perspectives

Point-of-Care Diagnostics of COVID-19: From Current Work to Future Perspectives

An overview of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus vaccines in preclinical studies

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