MERS coronaviruses from camels in Africa exhibit region-dependent genetic diversity

Chu, Daniel K.W.; Hui, K.; Perera, Ranawaka A.P.M.; Miguel, Eve; Niemeyer, Daniela; Zhao, Jincun; Channappanavar, Rudragouda; Dudas, Gytis; Oladipo, Jamiu O; Traoré, Amadou; Fassi-Fihri, Ouafaa; Ali, Abraham; Demissié, Getnet F; Muth, Doreen; Chan, Martin C.W.; Nicholls, John M.; Meyerholz, David K.; Kuranga, S A; Mamo, Gezahegne; Zhou, Ziqi; So, R. T. Y.; Hemida, Maged Gomaa; Webby, Richard J.; Roger, François; Rambaut, Andrew; Poon, Leo L. M.; Perlman, Stanley; Drosten, Christian; Chevalier, Véronique; Peiris, Malik

doi:10.1073/pnas.1718769115

Cited by 158 publications

(275 citation statements)

References 24 publications

(48 reference statements)

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“…These accessory proteins are believed to have immunoevasive properties, but are not essential for replication, and are variably deleted in human and camel virus isolates. [128][129][130] Genomic replication occurs on membrane structures such as double membrane vesicles (DMVs), convoluted membranes (CM), and vesicle packets (VP), which are merged DMV 131 that have been formed from the rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) by the combined action of nsp3, nsp4, and nsp6 (lower right). After synthesis on replicase-transcription complexes, RNA is encapsidated by the N protein and transported to the ERGIC (endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi compartment), where budding into membranes containing the S, E, and M proteins occurs before release from the cell.…”

Section: Sources Of Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Middle East respiratory syndrome

et al. 2020

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The Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) is a lethal zoonotic pathogen that was first identified in humans in Saudi Arabia and Jordan in 2012. Intermittent sporadic cases, community clusters, and nosocomial outbreaks of MERS-CoV continue to occur. Between April 2012 and December 2019, 2499 laboratory-confirmed cases of MERS-CoV infection, including 858 deaths (34·3% mortality) were reported from 27 countries to WHO, the majority of which were reported by Saudi Arabia (2106 cases, 780 deaths). Large outbreaks of human-to-human transmission have occurred, the largest in Riyadh and Jeddah in 2014 and in South Korea in 2015. MERS-CoV remains a high-threat pathogen identified by WHO as a priority pathogen because it causes severe disease that has a high mortality rate, epidemic potential, and no medical countermeasures. This Seminar provides an update on the current knowledge and perspectives on MERS epidemiology, virology, mode of transmission, pathogenesis, diagnosis, clinical features, management, infection control, development of new therapeutics and vaccines, and highlights unanswered questions and priorities for research, improved management, and prevention.

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Section: Sources Of Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Middle East respiratory syndrome

et al. 2020

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“…Currently, a limitation in our ability to mitigate spillover from dromedary camels to humans is a lack of clarity on the mode(s) of transmission between dromedary camels and humans, the extent and epidemiology of MERS-CoV circulation in dromedary camels in large parts of Africa and South Asia, and on why zoonotic transmission is limited across Africa, large parts of the Middle East, and some parts of South Asia despite high seroprevalence in dromedary camels (Chu et al, 2018) (Table 1).…”

Section: Findings From the Global Technical Meetingmentioning

confidence: 99%

MERS: Progress on the global response, remaining challenges and the way forward

et al. 2018

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This article summarizes progress in research on Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) since a FAO-OIE-WHO Global Technical Meeting held at WHO Headquarters in Geneva on 25-27 September 2017. The meeting reviewed the latest scientific findings and identified and prioritized the global activities necessary to prevent, manage and control the disease. Critical needs for research and technical guidance identified during the meeting have been used to update the WHO R&D MERS-CoV Roadmap for diagnostics, therapeutics and vaccines and a broader public health research agenda. Since the 2017 meeting, progress has been made on several key actions in animal populations, at the animal/human interface and in human populations. This report also summarizes the latest scientific studies on MERS since 2017, including data from more than 50 research studies examining the presence of MERS-CoV infection in dromedary camels.

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“…Furthermore, MERS-CoV is widespread in camels, not only on the Arabian peninsula, but also throughout West and East Africa (Chu et al, 2015;Gikonyo et al, 2018). Even though the genomes of MERS-CoV strains display regional differences that may affect their zoonotic potential (Chu et al, 2018), the omnipresent distribution of the virus in camels certainly constitutes a continuous threat. The meeting also provided an illuminating survey of critical insect vectors and the challenges of their surveillance and control.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Third Tofo Advanced Study Week on Emerging and Re-emerging Viruses, 2018

et al. 2019

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Singapore, and the USA. Meeting sessions covered aspects of the epidemiology, diagnosis, molecular and structural biology, vaccine development, and antiviral drug discovery for emerging RNA viruses that are current threats in Africa and included flaviviruses (dengue and Zika), alphaviruses (chikungunya), coronaviruses, filoviruses (Ebola), influenza viruses, Crimean Congo hemorrhagic fever virus, Rift Valley fever Virus, Lassa virus, and others. Data were presented on recent flavivirus and/or chikungunyavirus outbreaks in Angola, Burkina Faso, and Mozambique. In addition, these viruses are endemic in many sub-Saharan countries. The TASW series on emerging viruses is unique in Africa and successful in promoting collaborations between researchers in Africa and other parts of the world, as well as among African scientists. This report summarizes the lectures held at the meeting and highlights advances in the field.

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MERS coronaviruses from camels in Africa exhibit region-dependent genetic diversity

Cited by 158 publications

References 24 publications

Middle East respiratory syndrome

Middle East respiratory syndrome

MERS: Progress on the global response, remaining challenges and the way forward

Third Tofo Advanced Study Week on Emerging and Re-emerging Viruses, 2018

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