Verticillium dahliaeDisease Resistance and the Regulatory Pathway for Maturity and Tuberization in Potato

Abstract

Verticillium dahliae Kleb. is a pathogenic fungus causing wilting, chlorosis, and early dying in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.). Genetic mapping of resistance to V. dahliae was done using a diploid population of potato. The major quantitative trait locus (QTL) for Verticillium resistance was found on chromosome 5. The StCDF1 gene, controlling earliness of maturity and tuberization, was mapped within the interval. Another QTL on chromosome 9 co-localized with the Ve2 Verticillium wilt resistance gene marker. Epistasis analysis indicated that the loci on chromosomes 5 and 9 had a highly significant interaction, and that StCDF1 functioned downstream of Ve2. The StCDF1 alleles were sequenced and found to encode StCDF1.1 and StCDF1.3. Interaction between the Ve2 resistance allele and the StCDF1.3 was demonstrated, but not for StCDF1.1. Genome-wide expression QTL (eQTL) analysis was performed and genes with eQTL at the StCDF1 and Ve2 loci were both found to have similar functions involving the chloroplast, including photosynthesis, which declines in both maturity and Verticillium wilt. Among the gene ontology (GO) terms that were specific to genes with eQTL at the Ve2, but not the StCDF1 locus, were those associated with fungal defense. These results suggest that Ve2 controls fungal defense and reduces early dying in Verticillium wilt through affecting genetic pathway controlling tuberization timing. V erticillium wilt is caused by fungal colonization of the vascular system in plants (Johnson and Dung, 2010;Pegg and Brady, 2002) and is primarily a problem in temperate regions with decreased incidence in the tropics. Verticillium dahliae is the species with the greatest economic impact as a result of its broad

Genome sequencing of adapted diploid potato clones

“…Two of the diploid clones, 12120-03 and 07506-01, were parents of a segregating population. The population was used for a genetic mapping study ( Tai et al, 2018 ). Markers present in both parents in heterozygosity will produce progeny with a 1:2:1 segregation ratio of AA:Aa:aa.…”

“…Genome sequencing of tetraploids show higher levels of deleterious alleles compared to diploids and increased missing genes in each haplotype of a tetraploid compared to the whole genome ( Freire et al, 2021 ; Hoopes et al, 2022 ; Sun et al, 2022 ). The current study describes whole genome sequencing of nine legacy diploid potato clones that were selected from a breeding program for maturity under long-day conditions, pigmentation, disease resistance, tuber appearance and quality among other traits ( De Jong et al, 2003 ; Jung et al, 2005 , 2009 ; Li et al, 2005 ; De Koeyer et al, 2009 ; Tai et al, 2018 ). The history of these diploids include dihaploid extraction from tetraploids and introgression with wild Solanum relatives.…”

“…Ninety progeny from a cross between 12120-03 (female parent) and 07506-01 (male parent) were genotyped using the SolCap 8303 Infinium chip ( Tai et al, 2018 ). The SNP genotyping data is available at doi: 10.5061/dryad.2547d7wt8.…”

Identification of QTL associated with plant vine characteristics and infection response to late blight, early blight, and Verticillium wilt in a tetraploid potato population derived from late blight-resistant Palisade Russet

“…(2003) found that early maturing clones tend not to be resistant to late blight. Multiple Verticillium wilt-associated research reported that the photosynthetic decline caused by V. dahliae infection might occur through activation of the StCDF1 maturity ( Tai et al., 2018 ) and tuberization pathway. Verticillium-induced early vine maturity leads to smaller vines, reduced resources transferred to tubers and significantly reduced yields ( Rowe and Powelson, 2002 ; Simko et al., 2004 ; Jansky and Miller, 2010 ; Simko and Haynes, 2016 ; Tai et al., 2018 ).…”

eQTL mapping of the 12S globulin cruciferin gene PGCRURSE5 as a novel candidate associated with starch content in potato tubers

“…The application of RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) technologies has changed transcriptome analyses and gene expression studies 20 . High-throughput RNA-seq technology was used to identify eQTL associated with diverse biological processes in tomato 21 and eQTL related to quantitative trait variation in maize 22 and to identify gene networks involved in Verticillium dahliae disease resistance in potato 23 .…”