Attenuation, safety, and efficacy of a QX-like infectious bronchitis virus serotype vaccine

Yan, Shihong; Zhao, Jing; Xie, Deqiong; Xiang, Huang; Cheng, Jinlong; Guo, Ye; Liu, Changqing; Ma, Zhijun; Yang, Huanming; Zhang, Guozhong

doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2018.02.053

Cited by 25 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Interestingly, the QX-like IBV strains have undergone divergent evolutionary paths resulting in different variants in Europe and China (Worthington et al, 2008;Zhao et al, 2017). To date, several QX-like vaccine candidates were reported recently in China but there is no official approval for their use (Zhao et al, 2015;Huo et al, 2016;Xia et al, 2018;Yan et al, 2018). Therefore, there is a shortage of a vaccine against endemic strains of IBV in China and IBV infections remain a problem in the Chinese poultry industry.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other candidate vaccine strains were prepared via attenuation in embryonated eggs were also reported. These also efficiently prevent infection of Chinese QX-like nephropathogenic IBV (Zhao et al, 2015;Huo et al, 2016;Yan et al, 2018). Since the phylogenetic and antigenic features of IBV types vary with time and region, those candidate vaccines should be carefully examined before their field application.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pathogenicity of a QX-like avian infectious bronchitis virus isolated in China

et al. 2020

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Avian infectious bronchitis is a serious and highly contagious disease caused by infectious bronchitis virus (IBV). We isolated a highly virulent IBV strain (CK/CH/JS/TAHY) from kidneys of diseased chickens. Phylogenetic analysis based on the S1 gene revealed that CK/CH/JS/TAHY clustered with the QX-like type. The S1 gene has 1,620 nucleotides and encoded a polypeptide of 540 amino acids with typical coronavirus cleavage recognition sites of HRRR. About 1-day-old specific pathogen-free White Leghorn chickens inoculated with CK/CH/JS/TAHY at 10 5.5 EID 50 exhibited clinical signs including coughing, sneezing, nasal discharge, and tracheal vocalization accompanied by depression with 84% mortality and 100% morbidity. The kidneys of dead birds were swollen and pale and exhibited severe urate deposition. Histopathological examination revealed kidney hemorrhages, multifocal necrosis of the renal tubules and trachea with cilia loss, sloughing of epithelial cells, and edema of the lamina propria. IBV-specific antibodies appeared at 10 D post-infection. Chickens vaccinated with a CK/CH/JS/TAHY oil-emulsion vaccine showed 26.7% morbidity and 3% mortality indicating a protective effect. In conclusion, the IBV strain is a virulent avian IBV and that exhibited severe pathogenicity in chickens and is a vaccine candidate to prevent infection by Chinese QX-like nephropathogenic IBV strains.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathogenicity of a QX-like avian infectious bronchitis virus isolated in China

et al. 2020

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“…Optimal vaccination against circulating IBV strains in China requires the development of attenuated vaccines designed from local strains [20][21][22]45]. However, due to the particularity of RNA virus replication, attenuated vaccine strains generated by continuous passage remain associated with the risk of reversion to virulence or potential recombination between vaccine strains and virulent field strains [27,46,47], which represents a substantial hidden concern to the poultry industry.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, there has been increasing research on live attenuated vaccines against the QX-like IBV strains. Different strains of QXlike IBVs were serially passaged in embryonated eggs or primary chicken kidney cells (CK) to obtain vaccines that are less virulent and exhibit high immunogenicity against the QX-like epidemic IBV strains [20][21][22][23][24]. However, in addition to causing tissue damage or secondary bacterial infections in young vaccinated chicks [25,26], live attenuated vaccines of RNA viruses may not be genetically stable or they may be associated with the tendency to revert back to a virulent form [9,14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recombinant infectious bronchitis coronavirus H120 with the spike protein S1 gene of the nephropathogenic IBYZ strain remains attenuated but induces protective immunity

Jiang

Cheng

Zhao

et al. 2020

Vaccine

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a b s t r a c tInfectious bronchitis (IB) is a highly infectious viral disease responsible for major economic losses in the poultry industry. A reverse genetic vaccine is a safe, rapid, and effective method of achieving IB prevention and control. In this study, we constructed the recombinant strain, rH120-S1/YZ, using a reverse genetic system, based on the backbone of the H120 vaccine strain, with the S1 gene replaced with that of the QX-like nephropathogenic strain, ck/CH/IBYZ/2011, isolated in China. The results of dwarf chicken embryos, growth kinetics, and viral titration in the embryos demonstrated that the biological characteristics of the recombinant virus remained unchanged. Like the rH120-infected group and in contrast to the rIBYZ-infected group, no mortality, clinical signs, or lesions were observed in the lungs or kidneys of young chickens inoculated with rH120-S1/YZ. The viral loads in various tissues, cloacal, and oral swabs was lower in most types of samples, indicating that the rH120-S1/YZ strain was highly safe in chicks. Compared to rH120 vaccination group, when the efficacy of this strain was evaluated against the QXlike IBV strain, better protection, with 100% survival rate and no disease symptom or gross lesion was observed in the chickens vaccinated with rH120-S1/YZ. Increased levels of IBV-specific antibodies were detected in the serum of the rH120-S1/YZ-vaccinated animals 14 days post-vaccination. Collectively, our results suggest that the recombinant strain, rH120-S1/YZ, may represent a promising vaccine candidate against QX-like IBVs.

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“…There are multiple known strains of IBV, and increasing numbers of variants have emerged continuous recombinations, resulting in more diversified and complicated genotypes and serotypes (Feng et al, 2015;Laconi et al, 2019). Because of poor vaccine cross protection among different virus serotypes, it makes difficult to prevent and control IBV infection with the current precautionary measures (Mo et al, 2013;Yan et al, 2018). Thus, finding effective antiviral drugs or agents is imperative for alternative approach to prevent IBV infection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protective effects of hypericin against infectious bronchitis virus induced apoptosis and reactive oxygen species in chicken embryo kidney cells

et al. 2019

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Avian infectious bronchitis virus (IBV), a coronavirus, causes infectious bronchitis leading to enormous economic loss in the poultry industry worldwide. Hypericin (HY) is an excellent compound that has been investigated in antiviral, antineoplastic, and antidepressant. To investigate the inhibition effect of HY on IBV infection in chicken embryo kidney (CEK) cells, 3 different experimental designs: pre-treatment of cells prior to IBV infection, direct treatment of IBV-infected cells, and pre-treatment of IBV prior to cell infection were used. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), immunofluorescence assay (IFA), flow cytometry, and fluorescence microscopy were performed and virus titer was determined by TCID 50 . The re-sults revealed that HY had a good anti-IBV effect when HY directly treated the IBV-infected cells, and virus infectivity decreased in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, HY inhibited IBV-induced apoptosis in CEK cells, and significantly reduced the mRNA expression levels of Fas, FasL, JNK, Bax, Caspase 3, and Caspase 8, and significantly increased Bcl-2 mRNA expression level in CEK cells. In addition, HY treatment could decrease IBV-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in CEK cells. These results suggested that HY showed potential antiviral activities against IBV infection involving the inhibition of apoptosis and ROS generation in CEK cells.

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Attenuation, safety, and efficacy of a QX-like infectious bronchitis virus serotype vaccine

Cited by 25 publications

References 32 publications

Pathogenicity of a QX-like avian infectious bronchitis virus isolated in China

Pathogenicity of a QX-like avian infectious bronchitis virus isolated in China

Recombinant infectious bronchitis coronavirus H120 with the spike protein S1 gene of the nephropathogenic IBYZ strain remains attenuated but induces protective immunity

Protective effects of hypericin against infectious bronchitis virus induced apoptosis and reactive oxygen species in chicken embryo kidney cells

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