Continued in vitro cefazolin susceptibility in methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus

Abstract

ObjectivesIn vitro trends of cefazolin and ceftriaxone susceptibilities from pediatric clinical isolates of methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) between 2011 and 2016 were analyzed for surveillance.MethodsOur laboratory continues to use agar disk diffusion for staphylococcal susceptibilities applying Clinical Laboratory Standard Institute’s 2012 breakpoints.ResultsA total of 3992 MSSA clinical isolates in the last 6 years were analyzed for their in vitro cefazolin and ceftriaxone susceptibilities. While all MSSA isolates exhibited cefazolin susceptibilities within the “susceptible” zone range, there have been a proportion of isolates with ceftriaxone susceptibilities falling in “intermediate” zones, ranging from 2.6% in 2011 to 8.3% in 2016.ConclusionsCefazolin continues to be the recommended agent for MSSA treatment at our institution, reflected by the finding that only 2% (6/321) of patients who received ceftriaxone as definitive therapy for MSSA bacteremia during the study period. We have confirmed the cefoxitin-predicted MSSA susceptibility to cefazolin, but have found concerning drifts in ceftriaxone susceptibilities by continued in vitro monitoring over the last 6 years.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s12941-018-0257-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of 1,3-diaryltriazenesubstituted sulfonamides as antioxidant, acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase inhibitors

“…As depicted in Table 1 The results revealed that some of the compounds from the series show good ABTS cation radical scanvenging activity. The compound 4i (3, showed the best ABTS activity with IC50 value of 25.31 µM, which is more active than the standards BHA, BHT and α-TOC. The compounds 4f (4-BuO) and 4j (2,3,4,5,6-F) were also sensitive to ABTS cation radical scavenging activity with IC50 values of 53.01 and 50.79 µM, respectively.…”

“…As expected, the activity of the compounds increased with increasing concentration as summarized in Table 2. The compounds 4i (3, and 4k (3, showed a better CUPRAC capacity than standard α-TOC. The compound 4k had better activity at concentrations 10 and 25 µM than all three standards.…”

“…In case of AChE inhibition, the compounds 4e, 4i and 4j showed better activity than standard drug galanthamine with %inhibition values of 84.48, 85.01 and 93.67, respectively. The compounds 4f (4-BuO), 4g (2-CN), 4h (3-NO2) and 4k (3, were moderate inhibitors of this enzyme with %inhibition values ranging from 55.35 to 69.60. For BChE activity, compounds 4j (2,3,4,5,6-F) and 4k (3, showed the highest %inhibition at 200 µM with 98.47 and 97.00, respectively.…”

“…The compounds 4f (4-BuO), 4g (2-CN), 4h (3-NO2) and 4k (3, were moderate inhibitors of this enzyme with %inhibition values ranging from 55.35 to 69.60. For BChE activity, compounds 4j (2,3,4,5,6-F) and 4k (3, showed the highest %inhibition at 200 µM with 98.47 and 97.00, respectively. The remaining compounds also showed good inhibition against BChE enzyme with %inhibition values ranging from 62.24 to 90.…”

Surgical Antibiotic Prophylaxis in an Era of Antibiotic Resistance: Common Resistant Bacteria and Wider Considerations for Practice

“… 34 In the perioperative setting, S. aureus remains the most common organism associated with SSI, with a majority of S. aureus isolates sensitive to first-line narrow spectrum penicillins and cephalosporins (flucloxacillin, nafcillin, cefazolin). 16 , 35 While the longstanding use of first-line penicillins and cephalosporins is routinely effective in preventing these infections, the emergence of resistance to β-lactams is challenging for SAP selection.…”