Small dense low density lipoprotein-cholesterol and cholesterol ratios to predict arterial stiffness progression in normotensive subjects over a 5-year period

Li, Gang; Wu, Huikun; Wu, Xiaowei; Cao, Zhe; Tu, Yuanchao; Ma, Yi; Wang, Weiqing; Cheng, Jian; Zhou, Zihua

doi:10.1186/s12944-018-0671-2

Cited by 32 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 36 publications

(42 reference statements)

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“…TG/HDL-C was also found to be an independent determinant of arterial stiffness in adolescents and young adults [37]. Consistent with our study, subjects with high TG/HDL-C ratio also had high risk of carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) progression in healthy individuals [38]. However, the result of another investigation revealed that higher cfPWV in late-life was not related to faster annual rates of change in TG/HDL-C from mid-life [36].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Use of lipid parameters to identify apparently healthy men at high risk of arterial stiffness progression

Sang

Cao

et al. 2021

BMC Cardiovasc Disord

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Background Dyslipidemia contributes to the development and progression of arterial stiffness. We aimed to identify the most informative measures of serum lipids and their calculated ratios in terms of arterial stiffness progression risk. Methods Total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) of 659 healthy males (47.4 ± 10.7 years) were measured at baseline. Values for non-HDL-C, TC/HDL-C, TG/HDL-C, LDL-C/HDL-C, and non-HDL-C/HDL-C were calculated. BaPWV was re-performed after 4.1 years follow-up. Elevated baPWV was defined as baPWV ≥ 1400 cm/s. Results Over the follow-up period, the mean baPWV value increased from 1340 cm/s to 1410 cm/s, and 331 individuals increased/persisted with high baPWV (outcome 1). Among the 448 subjects who had normal baseline baPWV, 100 incident elevated baPWV occurred (outcome 2). Only baseline logTG (OR 1.64 [95% CI: 1.14–2.37] for outcome 1; 1.89 [1.14–3.17] for outcome 2) and logTG/HDL-C (1.54 [1.15–2.10] for outcome 1; 1.60 [1.05–2.45] for outcome 2) were significantly associated with arterial stiffness progression after adjusting for confounding factors. Adding logTG or logTG/HDL-C to age and blood pressure improved the accuracy of risk predictions for arterial stiffness progression. These associations remained significant when lipids were analyzed as categorical variables. Conclusions Baseline serum TG and TG/HDL-C were independently associated with increases in/persistently high baPWV and incident elevated baPWV, and they performed more effectively than other lipid variables in identifying healthy men at high risk of arterial stiffness progression.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Use of lipid parameters to identify apparently healthy men at high risk of arterial stiffness progression

Sang

Cao

et al. 2021

BMC Cardiovasc Disord

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“…TG/HDL-C was also found to be an independent determinant of arterial stiffness in adolescents and young adults [33]. Consistent with our study, subjects with high TG/HDL-C ratio also had a higher risk of carotidfemoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) progression in healthy individuals [34]. However, the result of another investigation revealed that higher cfPWV in late-life was not related to faster annual rates of change in TG/HDL-C from mid-life [32].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Use of Lipid Parameters to Identify Healthy Men at a Higher Risk of Arterial Stiffness Progression

Sang¹,

Cao²,

Wu³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Dyslipidemia contributes to the development and progression of arterial stiffness. We aimed to confirm the superiority of the serum lipids and their calculated ratios in predicting arterial stiffness progression.Methods: Total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) of 612 healthy males (47.0 ± 10.5 years) were measured at baseline. Values for non-HDL-C, TC/HDL-C, TG/HDL-C, LDL-C/HDL-C, and non-HDL-C/HDL-C were calculated. BaPWV was re-performed after 4.1 years follow-up. A baPWV cutoff of 1400 cm/s was used to diagnose arterial stiffness.Results: Over the follow-up period, the mean baPWV value increased from 1330 cm/s to 1400 cm/s, and 309 individuals increased/persisted with high baPWV (outcome 1). Among the 430 subjects who were free of arterial stiffness at baseline, 90 arterial stiffness events occurred (outcome 2). Only logTG (OR 1.65 [95% CI: 1.14-2.40] for outcome 1; 2.08 [1.24-3.52] for outcome 2) and logTG/HDL-C (1.56 [1.15-2.13] for outcome 1; 1.69 [1.10-2.62] for outcome 2) were significantly associated with arterial stiffness progression after adjusting for confounding factors. Adding logTG or logTG/HDL-C to age and blood pressure improved the accuracy of risk predictions for arterial stiffness progression. These associations remained significant when lipids were analyzed as categorical variables.Conclusions: Baseline serum TG and TG/HDL-C were independently associated with increases in/persistently high baPWV and incident arterial stiffness, and they performed more effectively than other lipid variables in identifying healthy men at a higher risk of arterial stiffness progression.

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“…sdLDL is the LDL subcomponent with smaller particles (~25 nm) and higher density (~1.06). In recent years, with the advancement of lipid metabolism molecular biology, research has found that sdLDL has a strong induction effect on atherosclerosis, which may be related to the characteristics of sdLDL, including susceptibility to oxidative modification, low antioxidant content, slow clearance, and easy adherence 22 . Our study found that the level of sdLDL in the restenosis group was significantly higher than that in the patency group, indicating that the detection of sdLDL may provide a new research direction for preventing restenosis after intervention.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Five‐year follow‐up observation of interventional therapy for lower extremity vascular disease in type 2 diabetes and analysis of risk factors for restenosis

Ding

Hanson

Xing

et al. 2020

Journal of Diabetes

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Background: The high incidence of type 2 diabetes, the low rate of compliance, and the complex mechanism of vascular disease caused by diabetes make its complications increase year by year. Our study aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics of lower extremity vascular diseases in type 2 diabetes and evaluate the long-term efficacy of vascular intervention for these diseases. Methods: From 2007 to 2014, 362 patients who underwent vascular intervention in our hospital due to lower extremity vascular diseases in type 2 diabetes were followed up for 5 years and their clinical characteristics were analyzed in this retrospective study. Results: Compared with those before treatment, the values of blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride Ester (TG), and low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) of patients were significantly lower 5 years after intervention (P < 0.01). We found that the levels of fibrinogen, blood glucose, HbA1c, TC, TG, LDL-C, and small dense low-density lipoprotein (sdLDL) in the vascular restenosis group were significantly higher than those in the vascular patency group (P < 0.001), whereas the level of HDL-C in the vascular restenosis group was significantly lower compared with the vascular patency group. Conclusions: Vascular intervention can significantly improve a series of biochemical indicators in patients with lower extremity vascular diseases caused by type 2 diabetes. Postoperative restenosis may be related to hypertension, duration of diabetes, rate of inferior knee disease, fibrinogen, and sdLDL. Good survival and limb salvage were achieved in the patients in this series with interventions and medical treatment provided by endocrinologists.

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Small dense low density lipoprotein-cholesterol and cholesterol ratios to predict arterial stiffness progression in normotensive subjects over a 5-year period

Cited by 32 publications

References 36 publications

Use of lipid parameters to identify apparently healthy men at high risk of arterial stiffness progression

Use of lipid parameters to identify apparently healthy men at high risk of arterial stiffness progression

Use of Lipid Parameters to Identify Healthy Men at a Higher Risk of Arterial Stiffness Progression

Five‐year follow‐up observation of interventional therapy for lower extremity vascular disease in type 2 diabetes and analysis of risk factors for restenosis

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